雪莉· 杰克逊是著名的美国小说家和短篇故事家。在其短篇小说中，她塑造了许多个性鲜明的女性形象，为揭露女性的不平等地位作出了巨大的努力。 在男权社会之中，女性一直处于“第二性”的不平等地位。幸运的是，女权主义运动从18世纪始便蓬勃发展起来。20世纪前期，女性主义出现了两部关键性的经典著作，即维吉尼亚·伍尔夫的 《一件自己的房间》和西蒙·德·波伏娃的 《第二性》。《第二性》从存在主义的观点，深刻分析了女性屈居于男性之次的事实。20世纪 60年代后，女性主义文学批判进入人们的视野。半世纪以来，它在众多经典著述的指导之下，不断走向深入。 本文作为一篇女性主义文学批判，选取了杰克逊的三篇短篇小说一一《路易莎，回家吧》、《贤妻》和《抽彩》 一一作为分析文本，将从女性社会身份、人身权利、话语权和女性形象这四个方面对短篇小说的三个女主人公做出解读。在这三篇短篇小说中，《路易莎，回家吧》中的路易莎以其机智和天分最终摆脱家庭的束缚，获得了自己的真实身份和自我的“主体”地位;《贤妻》中的海伦被丈夫囚禁丧失了自由，成为了一名 “他者”;《抽彩》中的苔丝因对社会习俗的反抗最终失去了生命。这三位女性身份不同，性格不同，最终的命运也不相同。以她们作为本文的分析主体，有利于更加全面地揭露女性的生存状况和命运，有利于揭示出一条女性自我觉醒的道路。

Shirley Jackson is an influential American novelist and short story writer in the 20th century.During her life, she wrote more than 50 short stories, in which she portrayed many vivid female figures. She made great contribution to exposing the unequal position of the female. For hundreds and thousands of years, it is a fact that, female has always stayed in the position of "second sex".However,it is fortunately to see that since the 19th century,feminist movements have thrived already. Until the first half of 20th century, there comes into being two important classic works of feminism,that is,A Room of One's Own written by Virginia Woolf and The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir. The Second Sex analyses the reason why women are always inferior to men from theangle of existentialism. In the 1960s, feminist literary criticism emerges. Under the guidance of theories of feminism and many classic writings, it has already made a different. As a thesis of feminist literary criticism,this thesis chooses three of Jackson's short:stories-"Louisa,Please Come Home","The Good Wife"and "The Lottery"-as its analysis texts.The thesis will interpret different destinies of three heroines from the four aspects of social identity,liberty,discourse power and image.Among these three stories,Louisa in "Louisa,Please Come Home",with her intelligence and talent,obtains her true identity as a female and her Subject position;Helen in "The Good Wife"is locked by her husband,loses her liberty and becomes an Other;Tessie in "The Lottery"loses her life because of her resistance against an evil convention. Owning different identities and different characters, the three heroines differs from their ultimate outcomes. The author hopes that the interpretation of these three women will help to fully expose the survival conditions of the female and find out a way to female's self-awakening.