摘 要 　　　笔者从收养条件的概念等基本理论出发，阐述了收养条件的含义、性质、背景和原则，以此为基础讨论了欠缺收养条件的收养行为。此后，笔者分别以各类欠缺收养条件的收养行为为视角，结合我国收养条件规定的现状，指出其欠缺形式条件的收养行为反映出的现行规定的不足，包括欠缺形式条件收养行为的规制缺失、对欠缺实质条件的收养行为审查不力、“收养人无子女”不明确不合理、共同收养人的适龄问题不明确、异性收养人与被收养人规定不全面等。对此，笔者结合实践情况、借鉴国外的收养制度，提出了建立健全实质审查程序、具体规定欠缺收养条件的收养行为、适当放宽“无子女”等收养条件和细化和明确当事人年龄条件等对策，以期实现收养条件制度的完善。

Abstract 　　　Based on the basic theory of the conditions of adoption, what is expounded are the following about the conditions of adoption: the concept, the properties the background and the principles. According to these theories, the adoptions which lack of legal conditions are stated. On the scope of the adoptions lacking of conditions, considering the rules of the adoptive conditions in our country, some deficiencies appear: no regulations are focusing on the adoption short of conditions; the review procedure is ineffective; the rule of “the adopters should be childless” is neither clear nor appropriate; the rule of joint adopters’ age is not clear; the regulation of the heterosexual adopters is not complete. Considering the facts and borrowing the foreign adoptive systems, some solutions are come up with: to improve the review procedures, to detailedly stipulate adoptions which are short of conditions, to loosen up the condition of “childless” suitably and to refine the rules of adopters’ age. With these solutions it is probable to improve the regulations of adoption and reach the goal of protecting the rights of the adopted children.