随着人类社会的发展，人与自然的关系也在发生一系列的转变，到如今后工业时代，人们已经意识到资源环境的破坏将成为制约社会经济发展的瓶颈之一，对于资源环境承载力的研究逐渐开始受到各方学者和决策者的高度关注。本文通过层次分析法，对成都市2006~2015近10年来的资源环境承载力进行了分析与评价，结果显示，2006~2013年，成都市的资源环境承载力有逐渐上升的趋势，在2013年达到峰值，2013~2015年出现小幅度回落。分析认为2006~2013年成都市社会发展以及科技进步在一定程度上减弱甚至抵消了人口增长带来的负面影响，使得资源环境承载力得以提高，但近两年社会以及科技的发展达到了一定限度，而人口的增长还在持续，因此人口增长的负面影响逐渐显现出来。成都市需要采取进一步的措施来稳定甚至提高资源环境承载力，例如合理控制人口的同时提高资源有效利用率；加强宣传教育，提高居民环保意识；制订一套符合成都市特点的考评体系，将绿色GDP纳入考核范畴等等。

With the development of human society, the relationship between human and nature has been changed a lot. Nowadays, we have been in the post-industrial era and people have realized that the destruction of resources and environment will be one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of social economy. More and more scholars and decision-makers start to pay more attention on the research of resources and environment carrying capacity. In this paper, we use the analytic hierarchy process method to analyze the resources and environment carrying capacity from 2006 to 2015 in Chengdu. The result shows that the resources and environment carrying capacity in Chengdu is on the rise from 2006 to 2013 and it peaked in 2013. However, it fell back a little from 2013 to 2015. We think the development of society and technology weakens or even offsets the negative influence of the rise of population to some extent, making it possible for the resources and environment carrying capacity to increase from 2006 to 2013. However, in recent years, the development of society and technology reaches a limit while the population is keeping rising so its negative influence begins to show up. It’s vital for the government in Chengdu to take measures to stabilize and even improve the resources and environment carrying capacity. For example, keep a reasonable control on the population and increase the utilization ratio of the sources at the same time. In addition, the government needs to enhance publicity and education to raise citizens' environmental awareness. Last but not least, a performance evaluation system according with the characteristics of Chengdu is needed and green GDP should be brought into the assessment.