塔基亚娜•托尔斯泰娅是当代俄罗斯文坛上最活跃的作家之一，她以其独特的视角和创作手法跻身于知名作家的行列。从她一登上文坛开始，就立刻引起评论界的广泛关注，对其评论也褒贬不一。托尔斯泰娅的作品不仅在俄罗斯本土得到广泛传播，而且相继被译成英、法、德、中等文字在国外出版发行。文学理论家М•利波韦茨基在分析“新浪潮”散文时，将塔•托尔斯泰娅归为“另类文学”的范畴。1983年，从她发表第一篇短篇小说《坐在金色的台阶上……》的那刻起，就以“美文作家”的称号成为评论界关注的焦点。使她出名的并不是其头上的“托尔斯泰”姓氏的光环，而是她不同凡响的创作手法和技巧。按照传统的评价体系和评论方式，通常将托尔斯泰娅的创作归为后现代主义文学或女性文学的范畴。本文力求在解读和分析托氏作品的基础上，运用叙事学理论和后现代理论，从托尔斯泰娅的短篇小说为切入点，挖掘托尔斯泰娅作品中关于书写人类的永恒主题——生存主题、爱情主题和死亡主题；从托尔斯泰娅的长篇小说《野猫精》为切入点，探讨作家的主体创作意识，站在全人类文明和文化的高度，阐释人类文化和文明倒退和消亡的社会根源，从而揭示出作家深层次的创作本质。本论文并非包罗万象、详尽无遗地研究托尔斯泰娅的创作风格和特征，而是依据托尔斯泰娅的创作成果，对她的全部创作主题、创作手法及风格特征进行尽可能详尽的论述和阐释。这有助于我们从特定的视角全面了解这位具有独立个性和极富批判意识的当代女作家的全部创作，正确评价她在当代俄罗斯文学中的作用和影响。应该指出的是，使托尔斯泰娅成名的不仅仅是因她集作家、批评家、政治社会活动家和电视节目主持人于一身，更主要的还是因为她作品中所表现的主题和艺术魅力。本论文由绪论、主体论述及结语三部分构成。绪论主要阐述论文选题的可行性、创新性、国内外研究成果综述、理论基础、研究方法和结构框架。第一章论述托尔斯泰娅短篇小说的创作主题——生存主题、爱情主题和死亡主题；第二章从托尔斯泰娅超越自我的角度来阐释她的创作；第三章论述托尔斯泰娅的长篇小说《野猫精》的忧患意识和批判意识；第四章分别从时空性、互文性和美文叙事对托尔斯泰娅的创作诗学特征进行阐释。托尔斯泰娅是一个多产作家，对其创作成果的研究，尤其是短篇小说的研究，本论文开掘的只是她创作冰山的一角。这也是本论文的一大缺憾。对于托尔斯泰娅的评介还有待于笔者的后续研究。

Tatyana Tolstaya, as one of the contemporary Russian greatest writers, is well known and being considered as a celebrated author owing to her unique perspective and literary creativity. Her literary debut won her much critical acclaim, and the critical reception ranged from highly praising to degrading. Tolstaya has published a series of her stories in Russia and were widely sold out abroad, and her works have been rendered into English, French, Germany and Chinese among others. Literary theorist M. Lipovetz categorized Tolstaya’s works as the genre of “Avant-garde Literature” while critiqueing the “New Wave” essay. From her literary debut, namely, her first story On the Golden Porch published in 1983, she has been addressed a focal figure as the “A Writer of Beauty” by critics. It was her unique creativity and technique of letters but not the distinguished family name Tolstaya itself that gained her the fame. In terms of the assessment and criticism of those previous studies, Tolstaya’s works are regularly classified as the literature of post-modernism or feminism. The present study, however, as being based on the interpretation and analysis of her works in an approach of narratology and post-modernism theory, dwells on the permanent core subjects in Tolstaya’s writing career, namely, the Existence, Love and Death as well. Being grounded in a perspective of civilization and culture’s highness, this dissertation specifically singles out The Slynx / Kys (Кысь) as an exemplar, comprehensively discusses the author’s viewpoints as a writer and expatiates the culture and civilization’s going backwards and the root cause in search of unmasking the writer’s motivation to compose verbally. Instead of initiating into a study of Tolstaya’s style and characteristics as a whole in an exhaustive view, the present study attempts to critically focus on her core subject, style and narrative techniques in a panoramic view. The study is to examine her being distinctively unique and being critical as a contemporary woman writer from an unexplored yet reasonable way and evaluate her significance and status in Russian literary field in a disinterestedly objective way. What is worth mentioned specifically is that her being fruitful is not just based on her multi-dimensional identity as a writer, a critic, a political and social activist and a TV host, on the contrary, it is an integrated impulse of her subject, language as well as technique as a whole that altogether contributes to her success largely. The paper falls into three major parts, namely, the introduction, body and conclusion respectively. The introduction takes a general look at the feasibility, innovation, literature review abroad and in China, theoretical background, methodology and the construction of the dissertation. The first chapter discusses the major subjects presented in Tolstaya’s stories, namely, Existence, Love and Death. Meanwhile, being based on the exemplar The Slynx / Kys (Кысь), the following chapter deals with her awareness of hardship and consciousness of being critical. The third chapter anayses Tolstaya’s poetical characteristics in terms of Game theory, Parody, Deconstructionism, Temporality and Fairy Tales. Tolstaya is a prolific author with a great number of short stories published, the present study only concemed some of them,so it can be construed as a preliminary research.