加减法反演律(inversion principle)是对加减法互为逆过程的描述,具体指在某一初始数量上，加上某一固定数量后再减去这一固定数量，或减去某一固定数量后再加上这一固定数量，初始数量保持不变的定律。儿童对加减法反演律的理解在数学认知概念的发展中具有重要作用。本研究采用算术推理范式，通过对53名4~6岁的儿童进行施测，考察图示的完形（即完整图形）是否影响4~6岁儿童在加减法反演任务上的表现，进一步探讨儿童时期反演律概念的发展。研究发现，图示的完形能够影响4~6岁儿童在加减法反演上的表现。其中，通过维持完形图示，能促进4岁儿童在加减法反演任务上的表现。在该条件下， 4岁儿童已经和5岁、6岁的儿童一样，能够顺利通过加减法反演任务。到5岁左右，儿童大致上能将加减法反演律放置到一般情形下进行理解，6岁的儿童已经掌握加减法反演律的使用。

Inversion principle is used to describe that addition and subtraction are inverse, which means that when we add a fixed number to an initial number or subtract a fixed number from it, initial number remains the same. Children’s use of inversion principle play an important role in the development of math cognition. This research used normal form created by Lai et al. in 2008 to investigate 53 four-to-six-year-old children’s performance on the task of inversion. Then we discussed the development of children’s inversion concept. The result showed that completion of graphical representation has an impact on four-six-year-old children’s comprehension of inversion. Through keeping the completion of graphical representation in the inversion task, we found the performances of four –year-old children have been improved. Under this task, four-year-old can have as good performance on inversion task as children aged five or six. 5-year-old children can roughly understand inversion principle on general conditions. 6-year-old children have already mastered inversion principle about addition and subtraction.