受高中语文教材容量的限制，中长篇小说一般以“节选”的方式进入教材。被选为一篇课文后，小说节选文有了一定的独立性，但在内容、结构等方面仍与原著密不可分。因此，小说节选文既有单篇属性，又有勾连原著的特性，这使得其教学具有特殊性。

本文以《边城》为例，分析高中小说节选文教学现状。采用文献研究法、案例分析法和访谈法，对广东省Z中高二年级的四位语文教师进行了访谈，并将近二十年来收录在中国知网等数据库中的《边城》（节选）教学设计、教学实录和教学反思等文献作为研究资料，主要研究两个问题：1.在小说节选文的教学中，教师主要使用了哪些教学策略？2.目前小说节选文的教学中存在着哪些问题？问题的成因是什么？

研究发现：1.教师在小说节选文教学中主要使用的教学策略有：整体介绍原著，宏观把握节选；适时补充内容，深入解读节选；加强方法指导，培养阅读能力；引导原著阅读，提出阅读要求。2.小说节选文教学中存在的问题是：欠缺学情了解和分析；囿于节选部分，文本的解读浅表化；轻视节选教学，急于开展原著教学。问题的成因主要是教师固化的教学观、错误的学生观、自身的文本解读能力不足以及教材编排的限制。3.基于现状分析，笔者吸收、完善“现有策略”，针对“现存问题”，从整体上提出小说节选文教学优化策略：展开双重对话，做好文本细读；了解学情，发挥学生主体地位；立足节选教学，重视教学价值；抓住内容形式，进行合理延伸；设计评价方案，建立评价机制；运用评价工具，促进学生发展。

本研究对小说节选文教学现状做了梳理，总结已有经验、发现存在的问题，丰富了相关研究，为教师进行小说节选文教学提供合理建议。

Restricted by the capacity of high school Chinese textbooks, medium-length novels are generally entered into textbooks in the form of "excerpts". After being selected as a text, the excerpt from the novel has a certain independence, but it is still inseparable from the original in terms of content and structure. Therefore, the excerpts of novels have the characteristics of being a single piece and linking with the original work, which makes their teaching special.

This paper takes "Border Town" as an example to analyze the current situation of high school novel excerpt teaching. Using the method of literature research, case analysis and interview, interviews were conducted with four Chinese teachers in the second grade of Z middle and high school in Guangdong Province, and the teaching design of Border Town (excerpts) collected in databases such as CNKI in the past two decades , teaching records and teaching reflections as research materials, mainly to study two questions: 1. In the teaching of novel excerpts, what teaching strategies did teachers mainly use? 2. What problems exist in the teaching of novel excerpts at present? What is the cause of the problem?

The research found that: 1. The main teaching strategies used by teachers in the teaching of novel excerpts are: introduce the original work as a whole, grasp the excerpts macroscopically; supplement the content in a timely manner, and interpret the excerpts in depth; strengthen the method guidance and cultivate reading ability; guide the reading of the original work and put forward reading requirements . 2. The problems existing in the teaching of excerpts of novels are: lack of understanding and analysis of learning situation; limited to excerpts, the interpretation of texts is superficial; despising excerpts teaching, eager to develop original teaching. The main causes of the problem are the teachers' fixed teaching view, wrong view of students, their own lack of ability to interpret texts, and the limitation of textbook arrangement. 3. Based on the analysis of the current situation, the author absorbs and improves the "existing strategies", and puts forward the optimization strategy for the teaching of novel excerpts as a whole in view of the "existing problems": carry out a double dialogue, do a good job of reading the text carefully; understand the learning situation, and give full play to the students' main body status; based on excerpts of teaching, attach importance to teaching value; grasp the content and form, carry out reasonable extension; design evaluation plan, establish evaluation mechanism; use evaluation tools to promote student development.

This study sorts out the current situation of the teaching of novel excerpts and summarizes the existing experience, found existing problems, enriched the relevant research, and provided reasonable suggestions for teachers in the teaching of novel excerpts.