文言实词教学是中学文言文教学中的重要环节，其数量大、词义多、用法杂，导致它一直都是教学和学习中的“拦路虎”。字理分析的引入对文言实词教学而言是可行的重要途径。本研究从教材分析、教师学养、学生特点三个角度对字理教学在中学文言实词教学的应用进行探究，着重字理与文本的关系以及教材注释探究这两部分，结合字理分析在小学识字教育和对外汉语教学中的实践，提出中学文言实词的字理教学现存的问题及解决办法，以期对教师进行文言实词教学和学生学习文言实词提供可借鉴的方法。

The teaching of classical Chinese words in classical Chinese is an important link in the teaching of classical Chinese in middle schools. The reasons for its large number, multiple meanings, and miscellaneous usages have led to it as a “stumbling block” in teaching and learning. The introduction of lexical analysis is an important and feasible approach to classical Chinese word teaching. This study explores the application of lexical teaching in middle school classical Chinese word teaching from the perspectives of the analysis of textbook teaching, teacher education, and student characteristics. It combines the practice of lexical analysis in primary school literacy education and teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The existing problems and solutions to the literal teaching of classical Chinese words, with a view to providing reference for teachers to use classical Chinese and to learn classical Chinese words.