日本市民社会派马克思主义是20世纪 60年代后期，以马克思的市民社会理论研究为旨趣的日本马克思主义学派。该学派通过对马克思市民社会范畴的多维度解读，融合“从共同体到市民社会”和“从市民社会到社会主义”两个研究视角的社会历史认识，建构了马克思的市民社会历史观。本文以该学派为研究对象，在整个日本马克思主义研究的发展脉络中，考察了其兴衰演变的历史过程、学术成就、理论特质以及历史地位。除导言和结语之外，论文分为四章。 导论部分主要介绍选题的缘起、研究现状、研究思路以及创新之处。第一章总体概括市民社会派马克思主义的全貌。该学派是在60、70年代日本的资本主义发生了新变化以及当时的社会主义国家发展中出现了新问题的社会历史背景下，日本市民社会理论研究和日本马克思主义经济学研究两个学术领域时空交集的产物，该学派经历了初创、形成、兴盛到衰落四个发展阶段。第二章围绕该学派的首要问题和理论主轴 “市民社会”展开研究。探析该学派对马克思市民社会范畴的发现过程，分析该学派对市民社会内涵的多维度解读以及对市民社会多重属性的阐释。最后判明该学派对市民社会范畴解读的致思向度在于重构马克思的唯物史观。第三章全面论述该学派建构的马克思市民社会史观。本章以对平田清明和望月清司两位主要代表人物的研究为中心，洞察该学派围绕共同体与市民社会、资本主义与市民社会、社会主义与市民社会形成的社会历史认识，进而明确该学派构建的市民社会史观是共同体→市民社会→社会主义的历史观。第四章评述该学派理论研究的特质和思想史意义。理论特质主要体现在：该学派研究视域是从斯密研究到对马克思的“独立培养”；研究语境是现实诉求语境与理论探究语境的统一；研究方法是文本考证与文本解读相结合。思想史意义主要体现在：该学派在《政治经济学批判大纲》、马克思主义发展史以及日本乃至世界范围的市民社会理论研究史上都占有一席之地。该学派的理论局限性主要体现在：市民社会的理念化、对“个体所有”的误读以及对人类历史发展解读的偏颇。结语部分围绕市民社会派马克思主义的独特性再现该学派的整体像。该学派面对现实问题的独特性、研究内容的独特性、研究范式的独特性，成就了该学派在马克思主义研究史上的独特地位。

Marxism of civic society school is a school of Marxism study concentrating on the study of civic society theory in late 1960s in Japan. The school constructed the Marx’s conception of history in civic society, combining the two historical views of studies “from community to civic society” and “from civic society to socialism” by interpreting Marx’s civic society from multiple perspectives. It takes Marxism of civic society as research object in the thesis, investigating its rise and fall in the historical process of evolution, academic achievement, theoretical characteristics and historical status in the course of studying Marxism in Japan. The thesis includes four chapters besides introduction and conclusion. The introduction part is mainly introduces the significance of study, research status, writing train of thought, structure of thesis and innovation in the study. The first chapter generalizes the full view of Marxism in the school of civic society. The school was a product of civic society theory in Japan and Marxism Economics study when the school changed in Japanese capitalism in the 1960s and 1970s and new problems arose in developing socialist countries. The development of the school underwent four stages: newly establishment, taking shape, rise and fall. The second chapter unfolds the critical question and main theoretical shaft “civic society” in the school of civic society. It explores the discovery process of civic society in Marxism in the school of civic society. It analyzes the meaning of civic society with a multidimensional perspective and the multiple attributes in the school of civic society. Finally it points out that the interpretation of civic society with this school is to reconstruct the perception of historical materialism for Marxism.The third chapter discusses the historical view of Marx’s civic society constructed by this school comprehensively. The chapter focuses on two representatives Hirata Sayaka and Mochizuki Seiji’s studies. It probes into the historical view formed by community and civic society, capitalism and civic society, socialism and civic society. Furthermore, it confirms the historical view of civic society from community, civic society to socialism constructed by this school.The fourth chapter reviews the characteristics of theoretical study and the significance of historical view in this school. The characteristics are embodied in: the field of vision with this school is from Adam Smith study to “independent cultivation to Marxism”, the context is the unification between appeals from reality and theoretical exploration, the methodology is the combination of text research and text interpretation. The significance of intellectual history is mainly embodied in: Grundrisse: Foundations of the Critique of Political Economy in this school, a place in the development history of Marxism and in the history of civic society in Japan and the world-wide research community. The limitations of this school are: the conceptualization of civic society, the misunderstanding for “individual ownership” and the bias with the interpretation of historical development of human being.The conclusion is focus on the peculiarity of Marxism in the school of civic society and re-presents its full picture. The school fronts the peculiarity of realistic questions, research contents and study paradigm which make the school achieve an unique position in the history of Marxism study.