帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪（以下简称帮信罪）是《刑法修正案（九）》于2015年增设的罪名。“两卡类”帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪（以下简称“两卡类”帮信罪）是帮信罪的一个涉案类型。面对信息网络时代出现的大量犯罪，为网络犯罪提供帮助的行为已经有独立成罪的意义和需要。但是在对帮信罪进行规制时尤其是“断卡”行动开始后，产生了帮信罪数量飙升的扩大化适用问题，同时由于“两卡类”帮信罪人员本身的特征，导致产生了犯罪人员的经济能力丧失，无法融入社会等问题。本文将在深入分析“两卡类”帮信罪的发展趋势、地域特征以及构成要件基础上，来探究“两卡类”帮信罪目前面临的司法扩大化适用、罚金刑适用不规范和缺乏反向行刑衔接机制等问题。以期能给“两卡类”帮信罪的治理提供较好的路径。第一章，对信息网络社会下“两卡类”帮信罪的特征进行概述。（1）本文通过实证研究的方法对帮信罪的发展特征进行了分析。总结出帮信罪的发展有“休眠”“唤醒”和“井喷”三个阶段。（2）在运用实证研究对其地域特征进行分析时得出了我国帮信罪案件数量受地缘位置因素、人口数量因素和经济发展水平因素的影响。（3）通过分析信息网络社会下犯罪及帮助行为“去中心化”“独立环节一对多”等特征，得出增设本罪具有重要的现实意义。第二章，对“两卡类”帮信罪的犯罪构成要件进行剖析。（1）通过案例分析得出其客体为复杂客体——信息网络正常管理秩序、不特定人的财产权和特定人的人身权。（2）该罪的主体有低年龄、低收入、低学历，无前科，无主要职业和无社会阅历及法律常识的特点。（3）从辨析“明知”内涵的角度出发，结合现行法律规定，探讨“明确知道”“应当知道”与“可能知道”之间的关系，并引申出“知道可能”的概念，从而得出“明确知道”“应当知道”为该罪主观构成要件，不存在“知道可能性”则不能构成主观“明知”的结论。（4）“两卡类”帮信罪的客观方面为实施了帮助行为并达到了“情节严重”的标准。第三章，对“两卡类”帮信罪现存问题予以总结。（1）帮信罪在对“两卡”类行为的规制过程中存在司法扩大化的问题。笔者从主客观构罪两方面分析了扩大化的原因，并解释了扩大化适用的危害。（2）罚金刑在治理“两卡类”帮信罪的过程中存在缺乏具体标准，未将被处罚人的经济能力作为考量因素的问题，致使一部分被处罚人陷入生存困境。（3）“两卡类”帮信罪缺乏完善的反向行刑衔接机制。目前仅存在对于反向衔接的原则性指示。在理论和实践层面均存在衔接困境。第四章，对“两卡类”帮信罪的治理给出完善建议。（1）笔者在基于对“两卡类”帮信罪的主客观构成要件深入分析的基础上，结合第三章的问题，提出从主观路径和客观路径同时对“两卡类”帮信罪采取限缩适用。主观方面应限缩推定规则的使用，并要求对“明知”的认定加以说理论证。客观方面应将帮助行为具体化、类型化，并提高“情节严重”的标准。（2）在罚金刑方面，笔者以被处罚人的视角认为，应细化罚金刑裁量规范，充分考虑被处罚人的经济能力和认罪认罚情节，同时辅以实施罚金刑易科制度和罚金刑缓刑制度。（3）关于完善反向行刑衔接机制，笔者得出应出台专项法律文件对“两卡类”帮信罪如何进行反向衔接以及行政处罚标准予以细化规定，并建立信息共享平台和会商通报机制。

The crime of assisting information network criminal activities was added  to the Criminal Law Amendment (IX) in 2015."Two card types" assisting is a type of the crime. In the face of a large number of crimes in the information network era, the act of providing help for network crimes has become an independent social harm. Therefore, it is of special significance to regulate the help behavior of network crime. However, in the regulation of the crime , especially after the "cut off card" action began, the problem of expanding the application of the crime soared in number. At the same time, due to the characteristics of the "two card types" helping criminals themselves, problems such as the loss of economic ability in life and the inability to integrate into society were caused. On the basis of in-depth analysis of the development trend, regional characteristics and constituent elements of the "two-card" crime, this paper will explore the problems such as the application of judicial expansion, the non-standard application of fine penalty and the lack of reverse connection of administrative procedure and criminal process. In order to provide a better way for the governance of "two card types" crime.The first chapter summarizes the characteristics of "two card type" crime in the information network society. (1) Through the method of empirical research, this paper analyzes the development characteristics of the crime of assisting information network criminal activities. It is concluded that the development of the crime of helping faith has three stages: "dormancy", "awakening" and "blowout". (2) In the use of empirical research to analyze its regional characteristics, it is concluded that the number of cases in China is affected by geographical location factors, population factors and economic development level factors. (3) By analyzing the characteristics of "decentralization" and "one-to-many independent links" of crime and helping behavior in the information network society, it is concluded that adding this crime has important practical significance.The second chapter analyzes the constitutive elements of the crime. (1) Through case analysis, it is concluded that its criminal object is a complex object - the normal management order of information network, the property right of an unspecified person and the personal right of a specified person. (2) The subject of the crime has the characteristics of low age, low income, low education, no criminal record, no major occupation and no social experience and legal knowledge. (3) From the perspective of analyzing the connotation of "knowing" and combining with the existing legal provisions, this paper discusses the relationship between "knowing clearly", "should know" and "may know", and extends the concept of "knowing possibly", thus drawing the conclusion that "knowing clearly" and "should know" are subjective elements of the crime, and the absence of "knowing possibility" cannot constitute subjective "knowing". (4) The objective aspect of the crime of "two cards" is that the act of helping has been implemented and has reached the standard of "serious circumstances".The third chapter summarizes the existing problems of the "two cards" crime. (1) The problem of judicial expansion exists in the regulation process of "two-card" behavior. The author analyzes the causes of the enlargement from both subjective and objective aspects, and explains the harm of the application of the enlargement. (2) There is a lack of specific standards in the process of governing the "two card types" crime , and the problem that the economic ability of the penalized person is not taken into consideration, resulting in a part of the penalized person in the survival dilemma. (3) The lack of perfect reverse execution mechanism for "two card types" crime. There are currently only directives in principle for reverse articulation. In theory and practice, there are difficulties in connection.In Chapter four, the author gives some suggestions on the governance of "two card types" crime of assisting information network criminal activities. (1) On the basis of in-depth analysis of the subjective and objective elements of the crime, combined with the problems in Chapter 3, the author proposes to adopt both subjective and objective approaches to the "two card types" crime. The subjective aspect should limit the use of the rule of presumption, and require a rational argument for the identification of "knowing". In the objective aspect, the help behavior should be concretized and typed, and the standard of "serious circumstances" should be raised. (2) In terms of fine penalty, from the perspective of the penalized person, the author believes that the fine penalty should be refined, the economic ability of the penalized person and the circumstances of guilty plea should be fully considered, and the fine penalty should be supplemented by the implementation of the fine penalty easy punishment system and the fine penalty probation system. (3) Regarding the improvement of the reverse connection mechanism of administrative procedure and criminal process, the author concludes that special legal documents should be issued to specify how to reverse linkage and administrative punishment standards for "two-card" crimes, and establish an information sharing platform and a consultation and notification mechanism.