核电是我国能源结构改革中重要的战略发展目标。核电项目在建设和投入运营阶段，可能会受到不同程度的公众阻力影响，这往往是核电项目的公众接受度不高所致。若核电项目相关部门不加以提升公众接受度，公众层面的阻力恐将限制核电的发展。在以往对国内核电项目接受度的研究中，大多数学者将研究重心放在了项目建设初期，但针对投运核电项目接受度的研究较少。相比在建设初期的核电项目，已投运核电项目的接受度研究具有更充实的实证数据、更深刻的接受度影响因素、更丰富的公众项目实践经验积累以及更多的核电项目公众参与机会，这些优势将帮助研究人员更深入地理解核电项目公众接受度的影响因素，补全当前核电项目接受度的研究缺口。

本研究以Y市已建成投产近十年的核电项目的接受度为研究对象，采用访谈法对附近居民以及政府、企业人员对核电项目的态度进行了调研，采用问卷调查方法对附近居民进行了数据采集，运用层次分析法对公众的接受度进行了综合评估和深度分析，并参考前人研究搭建了核电项目公众接受度的评估框架。本研究提出将个人因素纳入分析，建立由情感因素、认知因素、利益因素、风险感知因素、信任因素、可参与性因素、个人因素七项主要因素以及相应二级因素构成的核电公众接受度评估体系。

本研究经问卷统计方法，得到Y市核电项目公众接受度的综合评分为80.49分，整体处于较高水平，公众基础较好。其中，评价为较高项的有利益因素、可参与性因素、个人因素、情感因素，评价为中等项的有认知因素、风险感知因素与信任因素。问卷调查结果还表明Y市核电项目存在科普宣传不够深入、公众参与渠道较窄、公众活动普及范围较小的问题。此外，本研究梳理了政府相关部门与核电企业人员的访谈结果，汇总了当前Y市核电项目接受度提升工作的实施情况。最后，本研究结合Y市现有的接受度提升政策以及问卷调查的结果，提出了推进核能安全科普、关注居民心理健康、提升政府公信力、拓宽公众参与途径的四个改进方向和具体措施，并分析了各措施相应的可行性。

Nuclear power is an important strategic development objective in the reform of our country's energy structure. During the construction and operational phases of nuclear power projects, they may encounter varying degrees of public resistance, often due to low public acceptance. If relevant departments do not enhance public acceptance, public resistance may limit the development of nuclear power. In previous studies on the acceptance of domestic nuclear power projects, most scholars focused on the early stages of project construction, but there has been less research on the acceptance of operational nuclear power projects. Compared to nuclear power projects in the construction phase, the acceptance research on operational nuclear power projects has more substantial empirical data, deeper influencing factors of acceptance, richer public project practice experience, and more opportunities for public participation in nuclear power projects. These advantages will help researchers to better understand the influencing factors of public acceptance of nuclear power projects and fill the current research gap in the acceptance of nuclear power projects.

This study focuses on the acceptance of a nuclear power project in Y City that has been operational for nearly ten years. Using interviews, the attitudes of nearby residents, as well as government and enterprise personnel towards the nuclear power project, were investigated. Data was collected from nearby residents through a questionnaire survey. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed for a comprehensive evaluation and in-depth analysis of public acceptance, and an evaluation framework for public acceptance of nuclear power projects was established based on previous research. This study proposes incorporating personal factors into the analysis, establishing a nuclear power public acceptance evaluation system composed of seven main factors—emotional factors, cognitive factors, interest factors, risk perception factors, trust factors, participatory factors, and personal factors—as well as corresponding secondary factors.

Based on questionnaire statistics, the comprehensive score for public acceptance of the Y City nuclear power project was found to be 80.49 points, indicating a relatively high level of overall acceptance and a good public foundation. Among the factors rated highly were interest factors, participatory factors, personal factors, and emotional factors, while cognitive factors, risk perception factors, and trust factors were rated as moderate. The questionnaire survey results also indicated issues such as insufficient depth in science popularization, narrow public participation channels, and limited scope of public activities for the Y City nuclear power project. Additionally, the study reviewed interview results from government departments and nuclear power enterprise personnel, summarizing the current implementation of acceptance enhancement efforts for the Y City nuclear power project. Finally, based on existing acceptance enhancement policies in Y City and the results of the questionnaire survey, the study proposed four improvement directions and specific measures: promoting nuclear safety popularization, focusing on residents' psychological health, enhancing government credibility, and expanding public participation channels. The feasibility of each measure was also analyzed.