高中数学课是普通高中学习的一门主要课程，而高一数学，尤其是高中第一学期的数学课，作为整个高中阶段数学学习的基础课程，是学生整体把握高中课程的关键。同时，随着我国高中教育的普及，普通高中入学人数不断增加，对于学困生，其升入高中之后所面临的适应性问题更加严峻。 本文通过问卷调查的方式，对高一数学学困生的数学学习适应性水平进行调查，通过对总体适应性及各项适应性指标（数学听讲适应性、数学学习态度适应性、数学合作学习适应性、数学自主学习适应性、数学解题方法适应性、求助数学教师适应性和数学应考适应性）的分析，发现高一数学学困生的数学学习普遍存在明显的不适应现象，但是在数学听讲及数学学习态度方面，大多数学生都能够到尽快适应，不适应状况主要体现在有数学合作学习、自主学习、求助教师以及解题方法、应考等方面。同时，对高一数学学困生数学学习适应性进行差异分析，发现在数学学习适应方面，男女生之间不存在显著差异，而 不同文理科倾向的学生在合作学习和数学解题方法方面存在显著差异。 基于调查所得的结论，最后提出一些促进高一学生尤其是数学学困生适应数学学习的建议与策略，帮助高一学生尽快适应数学学习，促进学困生的转化。

High school math class is a main course in high school, and the higher mathematics, especially in the first semester of high school, serve as the basis for the rest of the high school math courses, which is the key to students to grasp the high school curriculum ntegrally.At the same time, with the popularization of high school education in our country and the increasing enrollment of average high school, it is more serious for the students with learning disability to adapt to the study in high school. This article is about the investigation of the higher mathematics learning adaptability level for the student with learning disability by questionnaire survey. Analyzing the general adaptability and the adaptability indexes (mathematics lecture adaptability, mathematics learning attitude adaptability, the cooperative learning adaptability in mathematics, mathematical autonomous learning adaptability, adaptability, adaptability for mathematics teachers' mathematics problem-solving method and mathematics test adaptability), there are higher mathematics poor student's mathematics learning obviously unadaptable to phenomenon. In mathematics lecture and math learning attitude, most of the students are able to adapt as soon as possible,but they couldn’t adapt to the mathematics cooperative learning, autonomous learning,asking for teachers, problem solving, and test. At the same time, with the analysis of the differences in higher mathematics learning adaptability for student with learning disablity, there is no significant difference between boys and girls, and different academic tendency of students in cooperative learning and mathematics problem-solving methods is different significantly. Based on the investigation of conclusion, we can put forward some mathematics study suggestions and strategies to promote high students, especially the students with learning disability to adapt to the mathematics learning in high school, and promote the transformation of the poor student.