莫里斯?布朗肖终其一生未在学院体制内任职，但他的理论和写作却成为许多文学、哲学研究者思考问题的参照甚至来源。本文试图探讨的主题是在文学空间中钩深致远的布朗肖，如何在文学与伦理之间建立了相得益彰的沟通机制，又是如何以诗哲相融的文体风格和深奥艰涩的表达方式回应了人类生存其中的世界。 布朗肖求索文学之深度鲜有人能及，他从根本上质疑了研究者习以为常地使用的文学之定义，文学同时囊括可阐释与不可解读的两个方面，而后者构成了文学的根本特质——文学意义的自律是不可化约的独异性体验；通过借鉴科耶夫诠释的黑格尔哲学中“否定性”的思想，他将使用语言命名事物的普遍行为视作对物之实在性的抹杀，而文学语言的朦胧含混解开了语言之表征功能的束缚，并捍卫着不容侵犯的文学空间。身为作家式批评家的布朗肖同样持之以恒地投身于虚构作品的书写，将文体与语言等同视之，先构想了超越小说的“叙事”（récit），后期又转而投身于“断片”（the fragmentary）的作品形态；作为承载思想的表达媒介，书写的形式绝非无关紧要。与哲学家列维纳斯终生不渝的友谊为布朗肖敞开了一种伦理学思考的可能性，自我与他者之关系的思辨是贯穿其思想的重要主线，在布朗肖笔下，绝对独异的他者以不可把握的多元形态穿梭在文本、艺术与哲思之间，将他的文学批评与写作编排为绵密的织锦。最初以记者身份开启写作生涯的布朗肖，从未中断过对现实社会的关注，经过四十年代痛苦的政治倾向转型，布朗肖成为了以晦涩难解的写作闻名的左翼思想者。受马拉美启蒙的布朗肖，针锋相对地回应了萨特之直接的介入文学观念，转而以别出心裁的风格塑造和惨淡经营的叙事模式为手段，去实践对现实政治的伦理批评。在布朗肖的著述中，伦理与文学休戚与共；摆脱自我主体意识的拘囿，承担他者的责任与呼唤，始终是布朗肖的思辨中不可消除的深沉底色。

Maurice Blanchot never works in the academic system, but his theory and writings have become an important reference and even a source for many researchers in humanities. The core topic of this thesis is to explore how Blanchot established a communicative mechanism between literature and ethics, and how he delved into the world in which human lives with a literature-philosophy combination and esoteric expressions. The depth of Blanchot's quest for literature may be incomparable. He has fundamentally questioned the definition of literature that researchers have become accustomed to: literature includes two aspects - the interpretable and the incomprehensible, and the latter constitutes the fundamental trait of literature. The autonomy of literary significance is a unique and irreducible experience; by referring to thoughts on "negativity" in Hegel's philosophy which was interpreted by Alexandre Kojève, Blanchot regards the universal behavior of naming objects with language as the obliteration of the reality of objects, while the ambiguity of the literary language unbinds the shackles of the representation function of language and defends the literary space that cannot be invaded. As a critic, Blanchot also consistently devoted himself to writing fictitious works - he first conceived a genre "récit" which is beyond the “novel”, and later turned to another genre "the fragmentary". As a medium of expression that carries ideas, the form of writing is by no means irrelevant and unimportant. The lifelong friendship with the philosopher Levinas opened a possibility of ethical thinking for Blanchot. The critical thinking between “self” and “the other” plays an important role through his thoughts. In his literary criticism and writing, the absolutely unique “other” shuttles between texts, words, dialogues and philosophizing, in a variety of forms that cannot be grasped. Blanchot, who started his career as a journalist, has never stopped paying attention to the real society. After a painful transformation of political tendency in the 1940s, Blanchot became a left-wing thinker known for his arcane writings. Enlightened by Mallarme, he directly responded to Sartre's direct involvement in literature, and instead adopted a narrative style as a means to do ethical criticism of politics. In Blanchot's writings, ethics and literature are symmetry: unbinding the limit of subjective self-consciousness and assuming responsibility and calling from “the other” are always undeniable backgrounds in his intellectual debates.