硕士毕业生作为高等教育较高层次的产出，在劳动力市场的境遇值得关注。近年来，硕士研究生培养模式和定位较“精英教育”时代发生了较大的变化，这个夹在本科生和博士研究生之间的群体，在劳动力市场遭遇了高不成低不就的尴尬境地。有效解决硕士毕业生就业问题已经成为需要引起用人单位、高校和硕士毕业生本身特别关注的重要课题。 在影响就业质量的诸多因素中，就业能力被毕业生、用人单位认为是最重要的因素之一。本研究在文献分析的基础上，编制出硕士毕业生就业能力及就业质量调查问卷，以北京X大学2010届硕士毕业生为调查对象开展了实证研究。运用SPSS18.0统计软件处理调查数据，主要结论如下：（1）本研究设计的就业能力量表，主要包括5个因素：个人品质、沟通能力、团队合作能力、问题解决能力、应聘能力；就业质量考察指标包括：薪酬福利、就业单位综合状况、学用匹配程度的客观特征及主观满意度。（2）通过差异性分析发现，在就业能力水平上存在显著差异的背景因素是政治面貌、担任学生干部、学业成绩、特长等。生源地三个组别在就业质量上的得分呈现U型图，即乡镇生源毕业生就业质量得分低于城市、农村生源毕业生。另外，理工科毕业生起薪水平显著高于人文社科类毕业生，有语言、计算机、文体等特长者就业质量显著高于无特长者。（3）通过相关性分析发现：硕士毕业生的就业能力与就业质量存在显著的低度相关关系(r=0.223，p<0.05)，同时，就业能力对就业质量的影响大于背景因素对就业质量的影响。这一方面说明就业能力的提高将势必引起就业质量的提高，另一方面也说明二者的相关性有限，就业质量还受到其他因素的影响。（4）具体到各维度，客观就业质量与个人品质、团队合作能力显著相关，就业主观满意度与就业能力各维度均显著相关，就业质量总分与个人品质、团队合作能力、问题解决能力显著相关。（5）男生、非城市生源者、人文社科类专业者、非学生干部、有特长者的就业质量与就业能力不存在明显相关，可以认为这些背景的毕业生就业质量更多受到就业能力以外的因素影响。这从一方面解释了已签约者就业能力与就业质量的正相关系数较低的原因。

Since postgraduates are better output of higher education, their employment issue should be paid more attention to. In recent years, we find that postgraduate’s enrollment increases highly. As a result, the training mode and comparative position of postgraduates changes a lot than the time of elite education. Sandwiched between undergraduates and doctor students, postgraduates face an awkward situation in labor market. Consequently, not only postgraduate schools but also employers and the whole society should take effort to solve postgraduates’ employment problems. Among various factors which affect employment quality, employability skills are considered to be one of the most important factors by both employers and employees. Based on literature review, a questionnaire about postgraduates’ employability skills and employment quality is established. An empirical study was carried out, and the sample was made up of 230 postgraduates of year 2010 from Beijing X University. In this study report, SPSS18.0 is used to analyze the data. The actuality description of postgraduates’ employability skills and employment quality is presented at first. Then, employability skills are taken as independent variable and employment quality are taken as dependent variable to make a quantitative analysis of the correlation between employability skills and employment quality. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) 5 factors of employability skills are characteristics, communication, teamwork, problem solving, and job seeking. Items of employment quality include salaries and welfare, general conditions of the job, education-job match, both objectively and subjectively.(2) Variance analysis shows that groups of better political status, leadership experience, scholarship and speciality have significantly higher scores in employability skills. And graduates from towns have worse employment quality than those from cities or countries. Graduates of science and engineering will be paid much better than those of humanities and social sciences category. Graduates with speciality have better employment quality than those without.(3) Correlation test between employability skills and employment quality shows that there is significant correlation (r=0.223，p<0.05). What’s more, there is greater influence from employability skills than backgrounds to employment quality. On one hand, it means that when employability skills improve, employment quality will increase correspondently. On the other hand, it also shows that the correlation between two variables is weak, which means that employment quality is affected by other factors as well.(4) In detail, objective employment quality is significantly correlated with characteristics and teamwork, subjective employment quality is significantly correlated with all 5 factors of employability skills, employment quality as a whole is significantly correlated with characteristics, teamwork, and problem solving. (5) For male graduates, graduates from towns and countries, graduates of humanities and social sciences, graduates without leadership experience and graduates with speciality, correlation test between employability skills and employment quality shows that there is not significant correlation. So it is reasonable to say that, for these groups, employment quality is affected by factors other than employability skills, which partly explain the weak correlation between employability skills and employment quality.