春秋末期吴越相争的史事，尤其是越国吞灭强吴的传奇性经历，不仅被历代史家、文人反复书写演绎，也成为当今学界研究探讨的话题。由先秦至两汉，越灭吴相关叙事不断演变，经历了从产生到丰富再到定型的过程，展现出了动态的生成脉络。目前，研究者已对越灭吴叙事中的史料、文献、人物、文化、思想等诸方面展开探究，并对其在不同时期的发展变化进行了梳理。但当前的研究仍简单落在对文献的分析比较和现象的归纳上，结论往往缺乏深度，在这一领域仍有很大的拓展空间。观之越灭吴叙事生成过程中，组成故事的情节单元和关键人物角色的演变，可以发现，越灭吴叙事实际上展现出了向此前已存在的一个故事类型——夏、商、西周三代的亡国叙事的趋近，它们共同构成了具有类型化特征的早期亡国叙事。本论文旨在梳理和比较先秦两汉有关越灭吴叙事的文献，理清越灭吴叙事从产生到定型的生成脉络，总结越灭吴叙事中故事情节与人物的演变倾向，通过与三代亡国叙事的共同分析，寻求其中的共性规律，对类型化的早期亡国叙事形成系统认识，并进一步探寻其中的内在因素。

论文正文共分为五章。第一章对主要相关概念进行界定，并采用故事形态学的方法，抽象出三代亡国叙事的既成类型，随之论证定型的越灭吴叙事对这一类型的归属，阐述早期亡国叙事的类型化特征。而具有类型化特征的越灭吴叙事，是经历了长时间的发展后渐次生成的。需要在后面的章节中梳理这一发展过程，才能够对其类型化的演变有所明晰。

第二章梳理先秦时期越灭吴叙事的不同书写。《左传》与《国语》的《吴语》《越语上》《越语下》材料来源与年代各异，叙述中的情节、书写倾向和思想倾向也不尽相同，存在分歧。出土文献《越公其事》虽然含有与《吴语》共同的材料，但展现了与传世文献迥异的叙事倾向，主要表现在吴王夫差与伍子胥的关系和对“五政”详细记述并将越之胜利完全归因于此。诸子百家亦对越灭吴叙事中的情节片段进行了援引与评价，体现了对君臣问题的集中关注和总体上褒越贬吴的倾向。

第三章梳理两汉时期的越灭吴叙事。《史记》在镕裁前代材料的基础上，增添了更多新的情节与细节，在对人物品格的着重渲染和强化建立君臣三方矛盾等方面尤为突出，前所未有。《吴越春秋》《越绝书》虽体例不同，但叙事上基本相合且有大量共同材料。两书增添更多新的情节并对前代文献的已有情节进一步渲染演绎，刻画两大阵营的争斗，并综合了前代各种归因模式与当时的思想倾向。至此，越灭吴叙事基本定型。同时，和战国子书类似，两汉子书同样对越灭吴叙事中的情节片段进行了援引与评价，并提供了新的归因角度，但情节上较少有创变。

第四章采用故事形态学的方法，从情节单元与人物角色两方面对前面章节所梳理的演变脉络进行分析，总结越灭吴叙事逐步归属于类型化的早期亡国叙事模式的生成过程。

第五章探讨类型化的早期亡国叙事的形成原因以及越灭吴叙事与三代亡国叙事在内核上的差异。集体心理与社会文化、思想表达在早期亡国叙事的书写中共同作用，最终导致了各个故事表现出高度的类型化特性。而需要注意的是，越灭吴叙事与三代亡国叙事虽然在外部形态上近似，但内核却因时代的不同而产生了差异。总体而言，体现为一种由王道到霸道的转变，由理想政治向现实政治的下移。

At the end of the spring and Autumn period, the historical events of the struggle between Wu and Yue, especially the legendary experience of the Yue absorbing the powerful Wu, were not only written and interpreted repeatedly by historians and scholars in the past dynasties, but also become a topic of research and discussion in today's academia. From the Pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, the relative narration of the extinction of the Wu continued to evolve, and experienced a process from initiation to enrichment and then to finalization, showing a dynamic generation context. At present, the researchers have explored the historical data, literature, characters, culture, thoughts and other aspects of the narration of the extinction of the Wu state, and sorted out its development and changes in different periods. But the current research is still simply on the analysis and comparison of literature and the induction of phenomena. The conclusions are often lack of depth, and there is still a lot of room for expansion in this field. Looking at the evolution process of the plot units and key roles in the narration of the extinction of the Wu state, it can be found that the narration of the extinction of the Wu state actually shows a convergence to a previous story type -- the narration of the extinction of the Three Dynasties (Xia, Shang and Western Zhou), which together constitute the narration with typological characteristics of the extinction of some early nations. The purpose of this dissertation is to sort out and compare the narration of the extinction of the Wu state in the pre Qin and Han Dynasties, to clarify the generation context of the narration of the extinction of the Wu state from the initiation to the finalization, to summarize the evolution tendency of the plots and characters, and to seek the common law through the analysis together with the narration of the extinction of the Three Dynasties, to form a systematic understanding of the typological narration of the extinction of some early nations, and further explore the internal influencing factors.

There are five chapters in this dissertation. Chapter one is mainly to define the relevant concepts, and abstract the established types of the narration of the extinction of the Three Dynasties with the method of story morphology, and then demonstrates the convergence of the narration of the extinction of the Wu state to this type, and expounds the typification of the narration of the extinction of some early nations. And the narration of the extinction of the Wu state with the characteristics of typification is gradually generated after a long time of development. It needs to sort out the development process in the following chapters so as to clarify the evolution of its typification.

Chapter two is to sort out the different narration of the extinction of the Wu state in the pre Qin period. The source and age of the materials in Zuozhuan and Guoyu (including Wuyu, Yueyu-A and Yueyu-B) are different, and the plot, writing tendency and ideological tendency in the narration also vary. Although the excavated literature Yuegongqishi contains the same materials as Wuyu, it shows a narrative tendency that is totally different from the ancient literature, mainly reflected in the relationship between the king Fuchai of Wu and Wu Zixu, and the detailed description of the "five policies" to which the victory of Yue is completely attributed. Various schools of thought also quoted and evaluated the plot segments in the narration of the extinction of the Wu state, reflecting the focus on the issue of monarch and minister and the tendency of praising Yue and criticizing Wu in general.

Chapter three is to sort out the narration of the extinction of the Wu state in the Han Dynasty. On the basis of the materials of the previous eras, Shiji unprecedentedly added more new plots and details, especially in depicting qualities of the character, and establishing and strengthening the contradiction between the three sides of the monarch and the minister. Although the style of Wu Yue Chunqiu and Yuejueshu is different, they are basically consistent in narration and have a lot of common materials. The two books added more new plots and further exaggerate and depict the existing plots of the previous generations, describing the struggle between the two camps, and synthesizing various attribution modes of the previous eras and the ideological trend at that time. At this point, the narration of the extinction of the Wu state basically finalized. At the same time, similar to the various schools of thought in Warring States, the bookd in the Han Dynasty also quoted and evaluated the plot segments in the narration of the extinction of the Wu state, and provided some new attributional perspectives, even though there are few changes in the plot.

Chapter four is to analyze the generation context of plot unit and roles which was sorted out in the previous chapters with the method of story morphology, and summarize the converging process of the narration of the extinction of the Wu state to the narrative mode of the extinction of some early nations.

Chapter five is to discuss the genesis of the typological narration of the extinction of some early nations and the differences between the narration of the extinction of the Wu state and the ones of the Three Dynasties in the core. Collective mind, social culture and expression of ideas work together in the writing of the narration of the extinction of some early nations, which eventually leads to a high typification in those stories. However, it should be noted that although the narration of the extinction of the Wu state is similar to that of the Three Dynasties, the core is different due to the passage of time. On the whole, it is reflected in a change from “wangdao” to “badao”, from ideal politics to realistic politics.