在中国国家治理中，主要分为“中央-地方”，“政府-人民”两种基本考察范式。前者主要关涉中央权威与地方权力之间分配、互动以及制衡的张力关系，称为“央地关系”。而“突发性公共危机”（下称“突发危机”）作为中国国家治理的重要内容，其关键就在于中央与地方政府的政策衔接和政治交互，同时其治理过程与结果，深刻关系到国家政治局势和社会民生的稳定，因而具有重要研究意义。
从2019年12月27日到2023年2月23日，中国新型冠状病毒肺炎（下称“新冠”）疫情持续三年，作为近十年唯一一起“全国重大突发性公共卫生事件”，中国政府是如何处理此次突发危机的？其防疫过程为我们了解中国当下的危机治理模式提供了绝佳的现实样本。
基于此，本文以新冠疫情的历史发展过程为论证原材料，将危机治理的四个时期（预警、爆发、处理、善后）对应新冠疫情四个阶段（传染病预警、运动式防疫、常态化防疫、防疫末期），以作为基本研究框架；基于当下央地关系的政治结构（如层级官僚制、行政发包制）及危机治理时的特定状态（如运动型治理），探讨中国危机治理的整体模式和衍生问题。

The structure of national governance in China is primarily divided into two essential paradigms, namely the "Central-Local" and "Government-People". The former encompasses the complex dynamics of power distribution, interaction, and checks and balances between the central authority and local power, often referred to as "Central-Local Relations." Among these, the "emergency public crisis," a key area of national governance, pivots on policy coordination and political interplay between central and local governments. Simultaneously, the process and outcomes of this governance profoundly influence national political stability and social wellbeing, thereby holding significant academic research value.
Taking the case of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (hereinafter referred to as "COVID-19") pandemic, which lasted from December 27, 2019, to February 23, 2023, as a nationwide significant emergency public health event, we can investigate in detail how the Chinese government managed this sudden crisis. This case provides invaluable empirical evidence for revealing China's current crisis management model.
Hence, this study, using the historical development of the COVID-19 pandemic as primary research material, aligns the four stages of crisis management (early warning, outbreak, handling, aftermath) with the four stages of the COVID-19 pandemic (infectious disease early warning, motion-based prevention，normalizing prevention, end of prevention) to construct a research framework. Concurrently, based on the current political structure of central-local relations (such as hierarchical bureaucracy, Administrative Contracting System) and the specific states of crisis management (such as Campaign-style Governance), we will delve into the overall model of crisis management in China and its attendant issues.