父母积极的教养实践是子女取得学业成就的基础。然而农村地区经济有限，现有研究对底层家庭教养实践的关注多从问题化、污名化的视角出发，忽视了他们为子女的教养所作出的积极努力。本研究旨在思考中国的农村家庭具备哪些优势？又是如何在经济有限的情况下发挥教养能动性的？基于这一思考，以H省Z市B镇D村的底层多子女家庭为基础，本研究从优势视角出发，深入考察这些底层家庭在面对经济有限的前提条件下，对于子女教育的认知与实践，以此来归纳总结这些家庭的教养经验。

本研究选择质性研究方法，基于优势视角的理论框架，通过对农村多子女家庭的半结构化访谈，对家庭互动的参与式观察和实物搜集，研究发现：

 首先，了解农村家庭在生活上面临的经济有限，经济有限带来了工作、家庭、学历的局限。进一步探讨父母和子女如何认知这种现状，对现状的认知体现了农村多子女家庭积极的视角。同时，探讨农村多子女家庭的优势。

其次，经济有限的条件下农村父母对优势的实践。发挥教养能动性，依旧从工作带来的低收入、家庭带来的陪伴不足、学历带来的辅导无力三方面总结家庭的应对策略。低学历下父母的期望和子女的规划，让农村多子女家庭的未来更好。低收入下家庭对金钱支配有权衡，以尽可能满足子女们的物质需要和发展需要，关于教育的支出放在首要位置；陪伴不足下，长子女在教育陪伴方面发挥作用，分担家庭教育和养育的责任。

最后，通过了解农村多子女家庭教养实践，笔者针对此群体面临的局限，提出社会工作者进行帮助和介入的可能：通过社会工作专业方法，拓展农村多子女家庭的社会支持资源，促进家庭关系健康发展，保证家庭教育和养育作用的有效体现。

Parents' positive parenting practice is the foundation of their children's academic achievement. However, the economy in rural areas is limited, and the existing research focuses on the education practices of the bottom families from the perspective of problems and stigma, ignoring their positive efforts for the education of their children. The purpose of this study is to consider what advantages rural families have in China. How do exert the educational initiative under the circumstance of a limited economy? Based on this consideration, and based on the families with multiple children at the bottom in D village, B Town, Z City, and H Province, this study, from the vantage point, makes an in-depth investigation into the cognition and practice of these families' children's education in the face of economic constraints, to summarize the parenting experience of these families.

This study selects qualitative research methods based on the theoretical framework from the perspective of advantages. Through semi-structured interviews with rural families with many children, participatory observation of family interaction, and physical collection, the research finds that:

First of all, we should understand the economic limitations that rural families face in life, which bring the limitations of work, family, and education. This paper further discusses how parents and children perceive the current situation, which reflects the positive perspective of rural families with many children. At the same time, explore the advantages of rural families with more children.

Secondly, under the condition of a limited economy, rural parents practice the advantages. Give full play to the initiative of education, and summarize the coping strategies of families from three aspects: low income brought by work, lack of companionship brought by family, and the inability of tutoring brought by education. Parents' expectation and children's planning under low education make rural families with many children have a better future.Low-income families have a balance of money control, to meet the material and developmental needs of children as much as possible, and the expenditure on education is put in the first place; In the absence of companionship, the elder children play a role in the education of companionship and share the responsibility of family education and upbringing.

Finally, based on the understanding of rural multi-child family rearing practice, the author proposes the possibility of social workers' help and intervention because of the limitations faced by this group: through the professional method of social work, to expand the social support resources of rural multi-child families, promote the healthy development of family relations, and ensure the effective embodiment of family education and parenting.