已有研究表明，儿童目睹家庭暴力危害极大。本研究运用儿童主体视角和社会学习理论，采用质性研究方法，选取河南省X市6名目睹家庭暴力的儿童作为案例，与6名儿童及其5名家长展开半结构式访谈搜集资料，了解儿童目睹家庭暴力的经历及其影响，以及儿童的应对方式。研究发现，儿童目睹家庭暴力的经历是多样的，可以分为轻度型目睹、中度型目睹和重度型目睹。轻度型目睹指儿童目睹暴力程度轻微，感知模糊；中度型目睹指儿童目睹暴力的程度处于中等水平，对其有自身的看法；重度型目睹指儿童目睹暴力程度严重，态度鲜明。儿童目睹家庭暴力有以下几方面的影响：（1）生理方面，家庭暴力影响儿童的正常休息与睡眠；（2）心理方面，目睹家庭暴力影响了儿童对暴力、家庭和两性的认知，出现害怕和自卑的心理；（3）行为方面，这一经历使儿童做出一些问题行为，习得暴力的言语模式或行为模式；（4）关系方面，目睹家暴之后，儿童倾向于形成母子联盟，或者亲子关系趋于冷漠。儿童目睹家庭暴力后，应对方式可以分为三种：（1）默默忍受，目睹家暴儿童构建自我空间，与暴力隔离；（2）积极介入，儿童介入家庭暴力中，劝解无果后逐渐麻木；（3）求助和获助，儿童目睹家暴后尝试向亲戚、老师、朋友等求助，或获取外界的帮助，但作用有限。本研究倾听儿童的声音，基于研究发现，从预防家庭暴力、充权与赋能儿童、链接资源以及政策的制定与实施等角度为社会工作服务此类群体提供建议。

Studies have shown that children witnessing domestic violence is extremely harmful. Based on the perspective of children's subjectivity and social learning theory, this study selected 6 children who witnessed domestic violence in X City, Henan Province as cases, and conducted semi-structured interviews with 6 children and their 5 parents to collect data, so as to understand the experiences and influences of children witnessing domestic violence and their coping strategies.Study has found that the experiences of children witnessing domestic violence are diverse, which can be divided into mild type witnessing, moderate type witnessing, and severe type witnessing. Mild witnessing means that children witness a slight degree of violence and their perception is vague; Moderate witnessing means that children witness violence at a moderate level and have their own views on it; Severe witnessing means that children witness serious violence and have a clear attitude. Children witnessing domestic violence have the following effects: (1) Physiologically, domestic violence affects children's normal rest and sleep; (2) Psychologically, witnessing domestic violence has affected children's cognition of violence, family, and gender, and they have psychology of fear and inferiority; (3) In the aspect of behavior, this experience causes children to engage in problematic behaviors and acquire verbal or behavioral patterns of violence; (4) In terms of relationship, after witnessing domestic violence, children tend to form a mother-child alliance or the parent-child relationship tends to be indifferent. After children witness domestic violence, children’s coping styles can be divided into 3 types: (1) Silently enduring, witnessing domestic violence children construct their own space and isolate themselves from violence; (2) Actively intervene, children get involved in domestic violence, and gradually become numb after persuasion is fruitless; (3) Asking for help and getting help, children who witness domestic violence try to seek help from relatives, teachers, friends, etc., or get outside help, but the effect is limited. This study listens to the voices of children, and based on the findings, it provides suggestions for social work to serve such groups from the perspectives of preventing domestic violence, empowering and enabling children, linking resources and formulating and implementing policies.