私人侦探业自1992年在我国出现以来，就一直受到人们的关注。学术界对私人侦探业和私人侦探职业群体支持与质疑的争执声始终没有停顿。 一方面，私人侦探业的出现的确顺应了时代的发展，满足了一部分社会需求；另一方面，私人侦探业的出现又带了一些新的社会问题，等待人们去化解。私人侦探业到底何去何从，如何管理呢？笔者试图从“私人侦探”的定义辨明入手，论证其存在的合理性，并在借鉴美、日的立法经验下，建议制定对我国私人侦探的规制政策。本文第一部分首先从界定“私人侦探”定义出发，在研究国内主流的几种关于“私人侦探”定义的基础上，借鉴日本与美国关于私人侦探定义的科学成分，对“私人侦探”做出明确的精细的定义，并在此定义下展开对后面几部分内容的讨论。在一些国家，私人侦探已成为正当职业，其合法性得到法律的认可和保护，这里，对美国和日本私人侦探行业进行了简单介绍，美日是私人侦探业发展较为成熟的国家，对他们国家该行业的了解,有助于我们正确认识和科学管理我国现阶段的私人侦探业。第二部分主要介绍了私人侦探业在我国波折发展的概况，并论述其现在发展过程中遇到的诸多瓶颈：一是市场需求与法律定位不明之间的矛盾，二是调查手段无法可依，三是私人侦探素质良莠不齐，四是业务层次低等。第三部分论证私人侦探的存在的合理性。随着经济社会的发展，人们告别了身份和熟人时代，迈入了契约和信息时代。一方面，公民权利意识在不断增强，很多人都在追求掌握尽可能多的信息量，为的是牢牢把握生活和工作中的主动权。另一方面，公力救济渠道单一、覆盖面有限，启动难，周期长，已然不能完全满足公民的多样化需求。私人侦探职业的出现，正是满足了部分社会群体对私利救济的需要。同时，私人侦探业的存在与发展还能有利于预防犯罪，推动社会转型时期政府功能和管理方式的转变。在第四部分“规制我国私人侦探业的对策建议”中，本文先从分析提炼美、日私人侦探相关立法经验入手，建议我国建立健全相关私人侦探业法律法规，使行业存在发展有法可依，有章可循。在汲取美日相关立法经验的基础上，笔者试图建立一系列规范我国私人侦探业的符合国情的并具有操作性的对策措施：一、通过立法确立私人侦探业的法律地位；二、私人侦探和私人侦探所的准入资格和限制；三、规范私人侦探的调查手段与业务范围；四、建立私人侦探业的行业管理机制；五、私人侦探的法律责任。

Since 1992 people has pay attention to Private detective business since its appearcance in China . Support and questioning to private detective business and private detective occupational group voice of academic circles never pauses the dispute. On the one hand, the emergence of private detective business meet the development of times indeed and the demand of society. On the other hand, it brings some new social problems, waiting for people to resolve. Private detective business exactly where to go, and how to manage? The author attempts to the definition of "private detective" quick, proves that the existence of the rationality, and in reference to the legislation experience of the United States and Japan, put forward,the proposal for private detective regulation policies in our country. The first part of this text first start from defining "private detective" definition, in the research of the basic definition of several domestic mainstream private detective , refer to Japan and the United States, give the explicitly fine definition of private detective and expand discussion of a few parts content behind on this definition .In some countries, the private detective has become legitimate career, its legality get legal recognition and protection . Here private detective industry in the United States and Japan is simply introduced. In the United States and Japan is it develops mature ,knowing about their development, we can on understand the present development situation of the private detective business well. The second part mainly introduced the development situation of the private detective business in China for many years and discusses its now troubles in the process of development :1) The market demand and the contradiction between the law orientation is unknown, 2) Survey method can not can depend on law,3) the good and bad private detective quality are intermingled ,4) Business levels are low .The third part is trying to prove the rationality of the existence of private detective. Along with the development of economy and society, people said goodbye to the identity and acquaintances era, entered the contract and the information age. On the one hand, civil rights consciousness in constantly strengthen, a lot of people in the pursuit of master as much information, so firmly grasp the life and work of the initiative. On the other hand, the male aid force single channel, coverage is limited, start difficult, cycle is long, already cannot completely meet the diverse needs of citizens. Private detective professional appearance meets need of private relief for some the social group . Meanwhile, existence and development of private detective business also can help to prevent crime and promote social transformation of government functions and management mode transformation. The forth part puts forward policies and suggestions of our private detective business. This paper first analyses American and Japanese private detective legislation experience, suggests that we should establish sound related private detective business laws and regulations , makes industry exists, rule-based barriers .On the basis of American and Japanese experience of relevant legislation, the author tries to establish a series of regulating Chinese private detective business conforms to China's national conditions and have operational countermeasures :1) Through legislation establishing the legal status of private detective business, 2) qualifications and limit the access of private detective and private detective ,3) regulating private detective research techniques and business scope ,4) build private detective business industry management mechanism ,5) Private detective’s legal responsibilities.