西周时期的国家认同，即对中心权力与中央王朝的认同，表现为情感认可与行为服从两个方面。这种国家认同是由谁、为何、以及怎么样构建的，值得进一步探索。同时，西周国家亦不同于近现代民族国家，西周国家认同亦呈现其独特性。研究西周时期国家认同问题，以期触碰时人之思想，倾听古代中国的自我述说。

首先，从西周时期天命、德性的理论看，其提出配合周代商而立的历史过程，内容本身与宣传过程，包含着周王试图使民众政治认同转向的期望，即随着政治权柄转移、中央王朝更替，民众的国家认同也应该弃殷向周，在殷周“更替”“转向”的强调中，为周建国建制作理论保障。天命、德性理论也在后续国家治理中被不断重申，通过不断回溯历史、在现实中不断重提等方式，与分封册命制度联系起来，以期将国家认同牢牢地固定于周。实际上西周时人对天命、德性观念本身普遍接受，形成了独特的生死观念与君臣彝伦，是西周国家认同的前提与表现，而在后人研究过程中，认可天命、德性观念某一个侧面的文本表述，也不能简单地与对西周王朝绝对服从直接等同。

第二，从西周“中国-四方”，“周邦-万邦”国家结构，可以一窥西周国家认同的建构与特点。中国-四方，构建出一种向心结构，意图使四方民朝向中心权力与中央王朝，区分内外远近，配合以服制，在理想化的政治地理结构中构建国家认同。周邦-万邦的表达中，周人言语中的自我归属可见一斑，还表现出“区域性”与“全国性”的国家认同结构，深刻影响着早期中国国家认同的发展。

第三，在西周的治理之下，周王室与认同主体之间存在互动，权力施行的上下两端彼此交互，产生影响。另外，随着西周王朝统治时间的流逝，王室权力大小与治理能力的变化，直接影响着国家认同，并通过民众的认同情况表现出来。这种互动关系与动态变化缠绕在一起，贯穿西周统治的整个历史。西周作为古代国家形成的早期阶段，并没有官方阐释对“国家认同”这一概念进行严格规范，且人们的认同本身会发生变化，特别是在氏族与国家并存的状态下，其认同的效度与对象可能出现改变。

另外，早期中国的国家认同问题，与民族间交流融合、中华民族的形成过程相互关联，还影响着整个古代中国的国家空间与共同体记忆。且在文本材料的分析与阐释之下，文字与实际之间的距离还值得玩味，综合性地考量和研究，进行甄别与判断，以期把握两千多年前的心声。

Dynasty Identity in the Xi Zhou（西周） period is identification with the central authority and the central dynasty, expressed in both emotional recognition and behavioural obedience. It is worth exploring further who, why, and how this state identity was constructed. At the same time, the Xi Zhou（西周） state is also different from modern nation-states, and Xi Zhou（西周） Dynasty Identity also presents its uniqueness. The study of state identity in the Xi Zhou（西周） period is intended to touch the minds of the people of the time and to listen to the self-representation of ancient China.

First of all, the theory of the Tian Ming（天命） and De Xing（德性） in the Xi Zhou（西周） period, which was proposed in line with the historical process of the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty in place of the Shang Dynasty, contains in its content and propaganda process the expectation of the king of the Zhou Dynasty to make the people's political identity shift, that is, with the transfer of political power and the change of the central dynasty, the people's Dynasty Identity should also abandon Yin and turn to the Zhou Dynasty, in the emphasis of the "change" of Yin and Zhou. The emphasis on the "shift" was a theoretical guarantee for the establishment of the Zhou state. The theories of Tian Ming（天命） and De Xing（德性） were also reiterated in the subsequent governance of the state, and were linked to the system of enfeoffment by constantly referring back to history and reintroducing them in reality, with the aim of firmly anchoring the state's identity in the Zhou. In fact, the general acceptance of the concept of Tian Ming（天命） and De Xing（德性） by the people of the Xi Zhou（西周） Dynasty itself, which formed a unique concept of life and death and the Yi Lun of rulers and subjects, was the premise and manifestation of the state identity of the Xi Zhou（西周） Dynasty, and in the process of later studies, the textual expressions that approved a certain aspect of the concept of Tian Ming（天命） and De Xing（德性） could not simply be directly equated with absolute obedience to the Xi Zhou（西周） Dynasty.

Secondly, The construction and characteristics of Dynasty Identity in the Xi Zhou（西周） Dynasty can be seen from the state structure of "Zhong Guo - Si Fang" （中国-四方）and "Zhou Bang - Wan Bang"（周邦-万邦）. The "Zhong Guo - Si Fang"  structure was a centripetal structure, which intended to make the people of the four directions look toward the central power and the central dynasty, distinguish between internal and external distances, cooperate with the service system, and build the national identity in an idealized political-geographical structure. In the expression of the "Zhou Bang - Wan Bang", the self-attribution in the speech of the Zhou people is evident, and it also shows the "regional" and "national" structure of national identity, which profoundly influenced the development of national identity in early China.

Thirdly, Under the governance practices of the Xi Zhou（西周） Dynasty, there was interaction between the Zhou royal family and the subjects of identity, and the upper and lower ends of the administration of power interacted with each other and exerted influence. In addition, as the Xi Zhou（西周） dynasty ruled over time, changes in the size of royal power and the ability to govern directly influenced Dynasty Identity and were expressed through the identity of the people. Such interactive relationships and dynamic changes were entwined throughout the history of Xi Zhou（西周） rule. As an early stage in the formation of the ancient state, there was no official interpretation of the concept of "Dynasty Identity" that strictly regulated it, and people's identity itself was subject to change, especially in the state where clans and states coexisted, and the validity and objects of their identity could change.

In addition, the issue of Dynasty Identity in early China is interrelated with the process of inter-ethnic exchange and integration and the formation of the Chinese nation, and also affects the national space and community memory of ancient China as a whole. Under the analysis and interpretation of textual materials, it is worthwhile to think about the distance between text and reality, to consider and study them comprehensively, to screen and judge them, and to grasp the voice of the heart more than two thousand years ago.