中国当代文学在价值标准、文体类型、审美探索等诸多方面发生了深刻变化，这是社会环境和文学革新双重作用的结果。此外，文学在吸收现实经验、丰富文学表达的同时也面临着问题，这些问题归根结底指向人们对时代的怀疑和对真实的渴望。这些情绪影响着文学活动的各个环节。因而立足于“真实”的讨论和写作在当下显得尤为必要。 第一章梳理了文学场域中关于真实讨论。以两次世界大战为界，西方文学真实观呈现出对真实理解的不同视角和不同特点。前期偏重表现外部真实，后期偏重内部真实。中国文学对真实的讨论可以追溯到先秦时期。通过梳理相关文论，可以发现古代中国对真实的解读受儒家、道家和释家思想影响较大；近现代中国出现了为人生和为艺术两种主张，前者对真实的理解偏重于社会改革，用以突出文学的宣传功能，后者则重视个人体验，主张表达个体情感，发展艺术真意。中国当代文学吸收了西方文学和中国古代文学、中国现代文学对真实的理解，又因具体的社会背景发展出独特解读。创作主体在真实问题的理解上也是同中有异，既继承借鉴又发展变异。这部分将在第三章和第四章具体呈现。 第二章分析产生真实效果的内在机制。通过第一章梳理可知真实作为一种重要的文学精神，在文学发展过程中承担了重要职能。对创作主体而言，如何发现真实，表现真实是写作时要关注的问题。本文引入在文学批评和作家创作论中常见的“此岸世界”和“彼岸世界”两个概念，以此为依凭，分析写作活动机制，以期从中发现产生真实效果的关键环节，开拓写作思路。通过收集和归纳相关材料可以发现此岸世界之于独创性和彼岸世界之于想象力的作用。另外，此岸世界和彼岸世界的相互作用也会启发书写“真实”的途径。 接下来的两章是结合中国当代作家作品阐述对“真实”的想象与书写。第三章立足于中国当代文学的此岸世界，梳理出“真实”理论和创作间的互动与发展，在此过程可以发现中国当代文学在突破单一维度和更新文体方面做出的努力与尝试，对变态人格和常态人格的认识和书写较之初期都有发展。同时也可以发现中国当代作品在题材内容、类型技巧上虽有所进步，但在精神意蕴方面上仍存在不足。第四章立足于文学的彼岸世界，从荒诞与真实，记忆与真实，自然与真实三个方面入手，结合中西方具体文本分析中国当代作家在融合传统美学和现代美学方面的努力，以期寻找更大的写作空间。 结语部分总结当代文学发展经验，思考写作策略。

Chinese contemporary literature has undergone profound changes in many aspects, such as the standard of value, text style and aesthetic exploration, which is the result of the dual role of social environment and literary innovation. In addition, Chinese contemporary literature also faces problems while absorbing practical experience and enriching the expression of literature; these questions point to people's doubts about the age and the desire for reality. These emotions affect all aspects of literary activities. Therefore, based on the "real" discussion and writing is particularly necessary at the moment. The first chapter describes the discussion of truth in literary field. Taking the two World War as the boundary, the Western literature truth outlook presents different perspectives and different characteristics of real understanding. In the early stage, the external reality was expressed, and the latter emphasized the internal reality; the real discussion can be traced back to the pre-Qin period, and the ancient China was greatly influenced by the the thought of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. The two ideas of "art for life" and "art for art" appeared in the modern times, and the former emphasized the true understanding of the social reform, In order to highlight the propaganda function of literature, the latter emphasizes personal experience, advocates expressing individual feelings and develops the true meaning of art. Chinese contemporary literature absorbs the essence of the Western and Chinese literature, and develops a unique interpretation from the specific social background. Therefore, the true understanding is different from that of the other. This part will be presented in the third and fourth chapters. The second chapter analyzes the inherent mechanism of the real effect. Through the first chapter, we can see that as an important literary spirit, truth has assumed an important function in the development of literature. For the creative subject, how to find truth and to show truth is a matter of concern when writing. This paper introduces the two concepts of "this shore world" and "the other world", which are common in literary criticism and writer's creation theory, based on which the mechanism of writing activity is analyzed in order to find out the key links of the real effect and develop the thinking of writing. By collecting and summarizing related materials, we can find the role of this world in originality and other worlds in imagination. In addition, the interaction between the shore world and the other world will also inspire the way to write "real". The next two chapters illustrate the imagination and writing of "real" with the works of contemporary writers. The third chapter, based on the world of contemporary literature, combs the interaction and development of "true" theory and creation, and this process can find the efforts and attempts of contemporary literature to break through a single dimension and renew the style, and the understanding and writing of the abnormal personality and the normal personality are both developed in the beginning. At the same time, we can also find that although contemporary works have made progress in subject matter and types and skills, there are still deficiencies in spiritual connotation. The fourth chapter is based on the other side of the world. From three aspects of absurdity and reality, memory and reality, nature and reality, this paper analyzes the efforts of contemporary writers in the integration of traditional aesthetics and modern aesthetics, looking for the space of writing. The conclusion summarizes the development experience of contemporary literature and ponder over writing strategies.