萨义德是后殖民主义理论的主要代表人物，是当代西方著名的文化批评家，也是一个具有极大争议的理论家。《东方学》是萨义德后殖民主义理论的主要代表作品。本文运用马克思主义基本立场、观点和方法，以《东方学》文本为基础，考察和探讨其中包含的萨义德东方学思想。

本文共分三章。第一章主要考察《东方学》的写作背景和创作动机。本章主要从写作的社会历史背景、理论基础和萨义德个人情结等三方面进行考察，认为第二次世界大战后的国际形势和西方社会的结构性调整是《东方学》的重要写作背景，葛兰西和福柯的理论是《东方学》文本建构的理论视角和方法论基础，萨义德的中东情结是《东方学》创作的个人动机。第二章主要探讨《东方学》关于“东方学”的认识。本章对文本关于东方学的含义、历史分期、运行机制等加以梳理，分析了东方学的三重含义、三个阶段等《东方学》文本关涉的重点问题。第三章主要探讨《东方学》主要思想的价值、局限和启示。这章借鉴学术界关于《东方学》主要思想的争议对该文本作出基本评价，最后落脚到其对中国特色社会主义文化建设的启示。

Said is the main representative figure of postcolonial theory, a famous cultural critic in the contemporary West, and also a highly controversial theorist. Orientalism is the main representative work of Said' s postcolonial theory. This article applies the basic position, viewpoint, and method of Marxism, based on the text of Orientalism, to examine and explore the Orientalist ideas contained in it.

This article is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly examines the writing background and creative motivation of Orientalism. This chapter mainly examines the social and historical background, theoretical foundation, and Said' s personal complex of writing. It is believed that the international situation after World War II and the structural adjustment of Western society are important writing backgrounds for Orientalism, Gramsci Antonio and Foucault' s theories are the theoretical perspective and methodological basis for the text construction of Orientalism, and Said' s Middle East complex is the personal motivation for the creation of Orientalism. The second chapter mainly explores the understanding of "Orientalism" in Orientalism. This chapter sorts out the meanings, historical stages, and operational mechanisms of Orientalism in the text, and analyzes the key issues related to the text of Orientalism, such as the triple meanings and three stages of Orientalism. The third chapter mainly explores the values, limitations, and enlightenment of the main ideas in Orientalism. This chapter draws on the controversy in the academic community regarding the main ideas of Orientalism to make a basic evaluation of the text, and finally focuses on its enlightenment for the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics.