本报告以专题研究的形式探讨近代京剧演出形态的变迁。研究报告紧扣京剧艺术的发展脉络，将京剧演出史与艺术本体和外部环境等因素密切结合，以个案研究论述京剧从传统茶园到新式剧场演出形态的变迁，并在此基础上，揭示近代京剧演剧商业化和市场化的规律和影响，借以丰富京剧演剧史书写的内容，深化对京剧史的认识。

研究报告共分八个专题研究，各章独立而又相互勾连，共同组成近代京剧演出形态变迁的版图。各专题内容概述如下：

第一章《从演剧环境到演出形态：近代“堂会戏”考辨》将京剧演出形态中极为重要的堂会戏的概念和源流做了考论，充分驳斥了学界尚存的对堂会戏的误用和谬论，明确指出了堂会戏在近代京剧演出史上的突出价值和意义。

第二章《从草根到新贵：晚清京剧的崛起——以宫廷演剧恩赏为中心的考察》以晚清民间艺人在清宫演出的恩赏为切入点，考察慈禧太后对京剧的爱好与举措对近代戏曲发展格局产生的影响。

第三章《从茶资到票价：京剧演出市场化的兴起》通过考察戏院经营时由茶资到票价的转变，反映出清末民初京剧演出生态的重要变化。清末民初京剧演出的戏价逐渐由茶资改称票价，这一转变过程体现了市场在演剧活动中逐渐占据主导作用。

第四章《从案目制到票务制：近代剧场经营方式的转变》讨论近代新式剧场建立后戏曲经营方式的变化。

第五章《从脚色制到名角制：近代京剧戏班组班方式的转型》探讨演剧商业化和市场化对戏班经营体制的影响。

第六章《从传统到新编：近代京剧演出剧目的差异》考察近代北京和上海京剧演出剧目的异同和变化。

第七章《从谋生到发展：近代京剧伶人生活的变化》讨论演剧市场化和演出收入的增加对伶人生活和艺术发展产生的影响。

第八章《从平衡到畸形：近代梨园生态的变迁》研究近代梨园界文化生态环境的变迁。

This report explores how Beijing Opera performances change in early modern China. It concentrates on the development of Beijing Opera as a form of art, focuses on its artistic quality and the external environment, uses case study to illustrate its venue transition from traditional teahouse to modern theatre, and reveals the laws of commercialization and marketization of early modern Beijing Opera and its effects.

Chapter One traces the history of Beijing Opera performances in private party (tanghuixi), refutes other scholars’ misunderstanding of this issue, and emphasizes its significance in Beijing Opera during that period. Chapter Two investigates the income of folk artists in late Qing Dynasty and shows how Empress Dowager Cixi’s love for Beijing Opera influences traditional theatre in early modern China. Chapter Three examines the transition from money for tea (chaqian) to money for ticket (piaojia) , which suggests the market plays an increasingly important role in Beijing Opera performances. Chapter Four discusses how management system changes after modern theaters have been established. Chapter Five argues what effects the commercialization and marketization makes on the management system of Beijing Opera troupes. Chapter Six demonstrates the similarities and differences between repertoire of Peking Opera performances in Beijing and Shanghai. Chapter Seven discusses how marketization and rising income influence lives of Beijing Opera artists and their art. Chapter Eight studies the changes of cultural environment of traditional opera world in early modern China.