随着经济的迅速发展，中国的环渤海经济带已经成为北方重要的经济增长点。作为环渤海经济带的核心，渤海湾西岸区域包含了工业中心天津和全国政治中心北京。天津滨海新区和河北渤海新区的建设为该区域的经济又增添了新的活力。为解决区域淡水短缺问题，国家已立项在渤海开采海冰用于淡水资源。无论是对经济的发展还是开采海冰，当地的气候背景资料都有着十分重要的战略意义。本文以渤海湾西岸海岸气候作为研究对象，通过结合实测资料统计和历史资料时空分析，对渤海湾西岸海岸气候的时空分布规律进行了较为深入和全面的探讨。实地观测数据证明渤海湾西岸地区存在海陆风环流。根据站点在观测日的风向变化，可将观测日分为海陆风日和非海陆风日。海陆风在海陆风日影响范围可以深入到内陆74km。海陆风的生消及强度与站点距海岸线距离、季节以及天气情况紧密相连，在近海岸区域、夏季以及晴天等条件下，海陆风现象较为明显。在气温的日变化方面，近岸在观测日升温和降温的速度比内陆慢。秋、冬季观测期日气温上升和下降都很迅速，夏季气温上升和下降都比较缓慢。观测期日平均气温和最低气温从海边向内陆逐渐降低，最高日气温和气温日较差从海边向内陆逐渐升高。海陆风日近岸与远岸海陆气温空间梯度比较大，而非海陆风日气温空间梯度相对较小。在渤海湾西岸150公里范围内，年均温在近50年震荡上升。在1990后气温距平值一直为正。各季节的气温也在50年也有不同程度上升；冬季气温在进入21世纪以来增温减缓。空间上，年均温与季均温都符合纬度地带性以及一定程度的海陆差异：75－150km范围内的年均温明显高于75km范围内年均温；春、夏季近岸至内陆季均温呈上升梯度，秋、冬季呈下降梯度；春、秋季近岸区和远岸区的温差绝对值较大，冬、夏季近岸区和远岸区的温差绝对值小。渤海湾区域年均降水在50年中震荡下降了150mm，1998－2007在近50年降水下降最快，因此本区有干旱化的趋势。50年来夏季的降水量下降最为显著，并且在2000年之后距平值一直低于-100mm。从空间上看，距海岸线75km范围以内的年降水量和各季节的降水量均比距海岸线75－150km范围以内多。由于有山地存在，40－75公里范围内区域的年降水量以及夏、秋两季的降水量都是150公里范围内最大的。标准化干旱指数(SPI)显示该区春旱和夏旱频繁，在严重春旱和夏旱中，75公里以内的近岸区的旱情更严重。数据表明，在渤海湾开采海冰可以非常及时和有效地缓解该区域的严重干旱。

Along with the booming economy, the economic belt of Bohai Coastal Ring in China has become an important developing point for the north China. As the core of this Ring, the coastal region of Bohai Bay includes the industrial center of Tianjin City and the national political center of Beijing City. In addition, the construction of new developing districts titled ‘Binhai’ in Tianjin city and ‘Bohai’ in Hebei Province, has stimulated the local economy with new energy. In addition, Chinese government has setup national project to exploit the sea ice in Bohai Sea as a resource of fresh water to solve the local fresh water shortage problem. Therefore, the local climate background information is strategically important either for the local economic development or for of sea ice exploitation. This paper treated the climate in the Bohai Bay Coastal Region as the object. The temporal and spatial climate patterns for the study region were deeply studied by combining statistical analysis of the field observed data and long time officially observed data in recent 50 years. The data from the field observed data showed that the Sea Land Breeze is in existence in the Western Coast of Bohai Bay, The observation dates could be separated as Sea Land Breeze Day and Non Sea Land Breeze Day according to the wind direction changes in the observation dates. The impact area of the Sea Land Breeze could penetrate 74km inland in a Sea Land Breeze Day. The generation and intensity of the Sea Land Breeze were closely related to the distance of the station to the coastline, the season that the observation was in and the instant climate then. Near coast region, summers and sunny day were favorable to the development of Sea Land Breeze.In the three observations, the daily temperature in the near coast rose and fell more rapidly than that in regions inland. The daily temperature changed faster in fall and winter in comparison with that in summer. The daily average temperature and daily extreme low temperature decreased from the coast to inland, while daily extreme high temperature and daily temperature difference increased from the coast to inland. The spatial temperature difference from near coast to inland was comparatively greater at Sea Land Breeze Day than that in Non Sea Land Breeze Day.In the 150km region within the Bohai Bay Coastline, the annual average temperature increased with a vibrating pattern in recent 150 years, and the annual temperature difference to average has kept positive since 1990. The seasonal temperatures also surged with different degrees, however, the winter temperature slowed down its increasing rate after it entered the 21st century. Spatially, the annual and seasonal temperature both followed the latitude law and the pattern of Sea-Land difference. The annual temperature of the 75-150km region was significantly higher than that within the 75km range. The spring and summer temperature increased when it moved from near coast to inland, but inversed in autumn and winter. It was greater in spring and autumn than summer and winter for absolute value of temperature difference between near land and far land.The annual precipitation has dropped by 150mm in recent 50 years. 1998-2007 had the most significant rainfall decreasing rate in recent 50 years, which showed a probable drought tendency in the study area. The seasonal precipitation showed a most significant falling in summer, which has been behaving lower than -100mm below average values constantly since 2000. Spatially, the range within 75km to the coastline had more precipitation than the 75-150km range either for annual or seasonal value. Because there are mountains existing in 40-75km range, it had the most annual, summer and autumn precipitation. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) showed that this region was frequently attacked by severe spring and summer droughts. It has been displayed that the region within 75km to the coastline tended to have much more severe drought in severe spring and summer drought cases. Fortunately, it has been verified that the drought problem could be solved perfectly and well in time by the proposed large scale exploitation of the sea ice in Bohai Bay.