公共卫生事件在我国时有发生，对社会造成了严重损害。特别是未知原因的传染病极易滋生谣言，这就要求政府主动公开信息，以保障公民的知情权，维护社会的稳定。在立法上，《传染病防治法》、《政府信息公开条例》以及《突发事件应对法》等法律文件构成 了公共卫生领域信息公开制度的核心，但是现行法律仍存在着立法缺乏系统性、公开主体 不统一等问题。在新冠肺炎疫情中，政府的应对上暴露了疾控中心缺乏话语权的新问题， 也反映出缺乏统一的风险信息管理机构、信息公开不及时、新闻发布会效果不佳的老问题。 本文对美国、日本两个国家信息公开制度进行分析，总结出有益经验。并于最后一章中针 对立法和实践问题为突发公共卫生事件中政府信息公开制度提出几点完善建议。本文共分为五个部分，第一章在阐明本文研究意义和方法的同时，对该专题的国内外研究现状进行了详细的介绍。第二章对突发公共卫生事件中政府信息公开的概念、理论基础及现实意义分别进行论述。第三章从立法和实践两个角度对突发公共卫生事件信息公开制度进行分析，发现立法缺乏系统性，公开主体不一致的问题。结合本次新冠肺炎疫情，分析缺乏统一的风险信息管理机构、信息输入渠道单一、公开不及时以及新闻发布效果不佳的问题。第四章介绍了美、日两国的应急法律制度，总结共通之处，如实现政府与媒体的高效沟通，建立完善的法律体系，成立专门的管理机构等。第五章主要从五个方面提出完善建议，一是改变突发公共卫生事件中信息公开的观念；二是完善相关立法，统一公开的主体；三是推动多方参与疫情信息公开，包括行政系统内部，社会公众，媒体三个方面；四是从完善现有制度和推动新制度建设两方面进行论述，包括推动“吹哨人”制度建设、提升疾控中心的话语权，完善网络直报系统和新闻发言人制度等；五是完善疫情信息的监督与救济机制。

Public health incidents occur from time to time in China, causing serious damage to society. In particular, the infectious diseases with unknown causes are easy to breed rumors, which requires the government to take the initiative to open information to protect citizens' right to know and maintain social stability. In terms of legislation, the law on the prevention and control of infectious diseases, the regulations on the disclosure of government information and the emergency response law constitute the core of the information disclosure system in the field of public health. However, there are still some problems in the current law, such as the lack of systematic legislation and the inconsistency of the subjects of disclosure. In the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak, the government's response to the new problems of CDC's lack of executive power also reflects the lack of unified risk information management institutions, information disclosure is not timely, and the news conference is not effective. This paper analyzes the information disclosure system of the United States and Japan, and sums up useful experience. And in the last chapter, aiming at the problems of legislation and practice, it puts forward some suggestions for the improvement of government information disclosure system in public health emergencies. This paper is divided into five parts. In the first chapter, the significance and methods of this research are expounded, and the research status of this topic at home and abroad is introduced in detail. The second chapter discusses the concept, theoretical basis and practical significance of government information disclosure in public health emergencies. The third chapter analyzes the information disclosure system of public health emergencies from the perspective of legislation and practice, and finds that the legislation is lack of systematicness and the subject of disclosure is inconsistent. Combined with the novel coronavirus pneumonia, it is analyzed that there is a lack of unified risk information management organization, single information input channel, untimely publicity and poor effectiveness of news release. The fourth chapter introduces the emergency legal system of the United States and Japan, and summarizes the common points, such as the realization of efficient communication between the government and the media, the 3 establishment of a sound legal system, the establishment of special management agencies and so on. The fifth chapter puts forward suggestions from five aspects: first, to change the concept of information disclosure in public health emergencies; second, to improve relevant legislation and unify the main body of information disclosure; third, to promote multi-party participation in the information disclosure of epidemic situation, including the internal administrative system, the public and the media; fourth, to improve the existing system and promote the construction of new system, It includes promoting the construction of "Whistler" system, giving CDC certain administrative power, improving the network direct reporting system and news spokesman system, etc.; fifth, improving the supervision and relief mechanism of epidemic information.