随着我国医疗水平的提高和新生人口数量逐年减少，我国正迈入老龄化社会。老年人在身体和社会功能上处于衰退状态，心理健康问题也值得关注。由于高龄老年人所占比例不断增加，但相关研究还相对缺乏，因此本研究采用追踪设计，探讨社会支持对高龄老年人心理健康（包括抑郁、焦虑、压力）的预测作用，并考察老化态度的调节作用。本研究共招募了461位老年人（平均年龄85岁，SD=7.99）进行两次间隔为6个月的测量，在基线期评估社会支持和老化态度，6个月后评估抑郁、焦虑和压力状态。结果表明，老化态度显著调节了社会支持对心理健康问题的预测，低水平和中水平的积极老化态度下，社会支持能够负向预测心理健康问题，但相比之下，中水平老化态度下，社会支持对心理健康问题的预测作用减弱；而高水平老化态度下，社会支持对抑郁的预测作用仍然显著，但对焦虑和压力的预测作用不再显著。本研究表明，积极的老化态度削弱而非强化了社会支持对老年人心理健康的负性预测作用。

With the improvement of medical standards and a decreasing birth rate, China is entering an aging society. Elderly people are in a state of physical and social decline, and their mental health problems deserve attention. Due to the increasing proportion of elderly people, but relatively lacking research, this study used a tracking design to explore the predictive effect of social support on the mental health (including depression, anxiety, and stress) of elderly people, and examined the moderating effect of aging attitudes. A total of 461 elderly people (mean age 85 years, SD = 7.99) were recruited for two measurements with a 6-month interval, assessing social support and aging attitudes at baseline and depression, anxiety, and stress status at 6 months follow-up. The results showed that aging attitudes significantly moderated the prediction of social support on mental health problems. At low and moderate levels of positive aging attitudes, social support predicted mental health problems negatively, but to a lesser extent at moderate aging attitudes. However, under high aging attitudes, social support still had a significant predictive effect on depression, but not on anxiety and stress. This study indicates that a positive aging attitude weakens rather than strengthens the negative predictive effect of social support on the mental health of elderly people.