第八次党和国家机构改革背景下，我国正式组建应急管理部，构建“大应急”框架，以全新的机构建设思路打造具有中国特色的应急管理体制。根据机构改革方案及职能划转部署，应急管理部整合中国地震局的震灾应急救援职责，并将中国地震局划由应急管理部管理，这是我国应急管理事业的一大重要突破。中国地震局的率先改革调整为地方接续的改革提供了开端，地方地震部门如何进行机构调整和设置将是全新且深刻的挑战。“县”是中国自古以来最基本的行政建置单元，县域政府部门的机构改革是关系国家机构改革的总体成效的关键环节。因此本文聚焦于县域这一基本单元，深入县域地震工作管理机构，了解我国县域地震工作管理机构的改革建设现状，剖析其部门设置与职能建设，探究地方政府机构改革建设的重要影响因素，并挖掘机构改革背后的实际问题与困境，提出相应的发展建议，基于此来探讨我国地震系统的改革深化过程。

本研究通过问卷调研的方式，对河北省、甘肃省、四川省、云南省四个省份共444个区县的县域地震工作管理机构开展调研。调研结果发现，目前我国县域地震工作管理机构的改革设置差异多样，地方政府自主性强，相关地方政府偏好影响了县域地震工作管理机构的改革情况。同时，地方改革现状暴露了目前县域地震系统的相关问题，例如对地震系统上下设置“不一般粗”、与应急管理部门职能界限模糊等。本研究针对改革实践问题提出了相应的优化建议，以期推动大应急框架下我国地方地震系统的发展优化。

本文共分为七个部分。第一部分为绪论，介绍在机构改革背景下本研究的背景与缘起，提出研究问题。第二部分为文献综述，回顾了国内外关于机构改革和地方自主性的理论基础，为本文探究县域地震系统的改革提供理论指引，并在此基础上提出研究假设。第三部分为研究方法与数据，具体介绍本研究通过电子问卷开展调研的情况，并量化相关变量。第四部分为县域地震工作管理机构改革基本情况，从部门设置、职能承担、机构人员、三定方案、领导小组、改革评价、应急体制融合七个方面详细介绍目前县域地震系统的改革现状。第五部分为县域地震机构独立性设置与职能建设及其影响因素，通过实证数据对地方机构改革设置的自主性原因进行探索。第六部分为县域地震系统改革问题发现，通过本次调研成果及反馈，梳理目前县域地震部门的改革问题。第七部分为县域地震系统改革发展建议，针对发现的实际问题提出相应的政策建议，推动我国防震减灾事业现代化建设。

In the context of the eighth party and state institutional reform, China has formally established the Ministry of Emergency Management (MEMA) to build a "great emergency" framework and create an emergency management system with Chinese characteristics with a new institutional construction idea. According to the institutional reform program and the transfer of functions, the Ministry of Emergency Management has integrated the earthquake emergency rescue responsibilities of the China Earthquake Administration and transferred the China Earthquake Administration to the Ministry of Emergency Management, which is a major breakthrough in China's emergency management business. This is a major breakthrough in China's emergency management business. The first reform and adjustment of the China Earthquake Administration provides the beginning of a succession of local reforms, and it will be a new and profound challenge for local earthquake administrations to adjust and set up their agencies. "The county is the most basic administrative unit in China since ancient times, and the institutional reform of county government departments is the key link to the overall effectiveness of national institutional reform. Therefore, this paper focuses on counties as the basic unit, and goes deeper into county earthquake administrations to understand the current situation of the reform and construction of county earthquake administrations in China, analyze their functions and effectiveness, explore the important factors influencing the reform and construction of local government agencies, focus on the influence factors of reform and decision making of county earthquake administrations in China, and explore the actual problems and dilemmas behind the agency reform. The study also explores the actual problems and dilemmas behind the institutional reform and proposes corresponding development suggestions, based on which the process of deepening the reform of China's earthquake system can be explored.

In this study, a total of 444 county earthquake administrations in four provinces, namely Hebei, Gansu, Sichuan, and Yunnan, were surveyed by questionnaire. The results of the research found that the current reform settings of county earthquake administrations in China are diverse, local governments are autonomous, and relevant local government preferences influence the reform of county earthquake administrations. At the same time, the current state of local reforms exposes the current problems associated with county earthquake systems, such as earthquake administrations at all levels are set up differently, and their functions are blurred with those of emergency management departments. This study proposes corresponding optimization suggestions for the reform practice problems in order to promote the optimization of the system and mechanism of China's local earthquake system under the framework of large emergency response and to form strategic innovative ideas for the reform and development of county agencies.

This paper is divided into seven parts. The first part is the introduction, which introduces the background and origin of this study in the context of institutional reform and presents the research questions. The second part is a literature review, which reviews the theoretical foundations and research findings on institutional reform at home and abroad, and provides theoretical guidelines for this paper to explore the reform of county earthquake systems. And proposes relevant research hypotheses. The third part is the research methodology and data, which specifies the research conducted in this study through electronic questionnaires, and  quantifies relevant variables. The fourth part is the basic situation of the reform of county earthquake administrations, detailing the current status of the reform of the county earthquake system in seven aspects: departmental settings, function assumptions, agency personnel, the three definitions, the leadership team, reform evaluation, and emergency system integration. The fifth part is the construction of institutional functions of county earthquake administrations and their influencing factors, analyzing the reasons that may affect the development of local government independence setting and institutional functions through empirical data and exploring the reasons for the autonomy of local institutional reform settings. The sixth part is the problem identification of county earthquake system reform, which composes the current reform problems of county earthquake administrations through the results and feedback of this research. The seventh part is the suggestions for the reform and development of the county earthquake system, which proposes corresponding policy suggestions for the practical problems found to promote the modernization of China's earthquake prevention and disaster reduction cause.