自然科学博物馆的参观学习体验随着公共文化服务建设的发展和人们日益增长的精神需求越来越受到重视。良好的体验质量也有助于博物馆发挥科普教育的职能，并使参观者获得美好而难忘的心理感受。心流体验理论自20世纪70年代发展而来已与多个领域结合并涌现大量研究成果，而在博物馆领域尚且缺乏针对性的研究工具和定量的研究结果。  

    自然科学博物馆参观学习心流体验指自然科学类的博物馆情境下，个体在参观学习的过程中感受到充分投入、享受其中的心理体验。本研究回顾了国内外的心流体验文献，梳理了心流体验的理论与测量工具，以及心流体验在博物馆情境下的运用成果。在现有研究的基础上，结合访谈结果探讨自然科学博物馆情境下的心流体验测量维度。使用SPSS与Mplus进行项目分析、探索性因素分析与验证性因素分析，编制形成自然科学博物馆参观学习心流体验量表。最终运用正式量表进行施测，分析自然科学博物馆参观学习心流体验的特征。本研究的主要结果如下：

（1）自然科学博物馆参观学习心流体验包含4个维度：积极情绪、胜任感、忘我、专注。

（2）自然科学博物馆参观学习心流体验量表共有22个题项，采用李克特7级评分，从“完全不符合”到“完全符合”记为1-7分，分数越高代表心流体验的程度越高。

（3）自然科学博物馆参观学习心流体验量表具有良好的区分度；量表各维度的内部一致性系数在0.69-0.86之间，总量表的内部一致性系数达到0.89；量表具有可接受的内容效度、结构效度、效标关联效度，验证性因素分析的拟合指标：χ²/df=2.37，RMSEA=0.05，SRMR=0.05，CFI=0.93，TLI=0.92。各项统计指标符合量表编制的心理测量学要求，可以稳定准确地测量自然科学博物馆参观学习情境下的心流体验。

（4）对478名在自然科学博物馆情境下产生过心流体验的参观者进行分析发现：心流体验的总分和各维度得分在性别、专业身份、文理科、参观次数经验、参观动机、陪同参观与否之间存在显著的差异，在文化水平上没有显著差异，与年龄、自然科学知识储备量、自然科学博物馆爱好程度存在显著的相关。

Flow experience of learning in museum of nature & science refers to the psychological experience in which individuals feel fully focused and enjoyable in the process of visiting and learning. This study reviews domestic and foreign researches on flow experience of theories and measurement tools, as well as the application of flow theory in the context of museum. Based on the existing research and interview results, explored the dimensions of flow scale in the context of museum of nature & science. Used SPSS and Mplus to analysis items and execute EFA & CFA. The Flow State Scale for visiting and learning in museum of nature & science was been finally developed and been used to explore the characteristics of visitors in museums of nature & science. The main results of this study are as follows:

(1) Flow in museum of nature & science contains four dimensions: positive emotional experience, sense of competence, loss of self-consciousness, and absorption.

(2) The Flow State Scale for visiting and learning in museums of nature & science has a total of 22 items and is scored by Likert 7, from ‘completely disagrees’ to ‘completely agrees’.

(3) Item discrimination is proved good. Cronbach’ s α of each dimension ranged from 0.69 to 0.86. Cronbach’ s α of total scale reached 0.89. The scale had acceptable content validity, structure validity and criterion-related validity. The fitting indexes of CFA are: χ2(203, N=478)=480.66, p＜0.001, RMSEA=0.05, SRMR=0.05, CFI=0.93, TLI=0.92. The scale can accurately and stably measure the flow of visiting and learning in the museum of nature & science.

(4) The analysis of 478 visitors with flow in the context of museum of nature & science shows that, the total score or dimension score of flow is significantly different among gender, occupation identity, arts and science, experience of visiting times, visiting motivation, accompanied or not. There is no significant difference in the level of education. Flow was significant correlation with age, knowledge and interest.