为认识灾害性气象事件的演变过程，分析人类社会应对干旱的流程和措施，本文基于不同时间精度的气象数据、政府工作动态与报刊文本数据，利用有效干旱指数（effective drought index，简写EDI）和标准化降水指数（standardized precipitation index，简写SPI）、空间插值、时序对比等方法，分析了2022年湖南省夏秋季气象干旱的时空分布与演变过程、岳阳市和邵阳市两个典型市州应对干旱的情况，主要得到了以下结论：

(1) 8-10月最长持续近30日的高温天气与共计近60日的无有效降水情况导致湖南省出现影响范围极广、强度极大的夏秋（8-10）连旱，近全省面积80％的区域达到重旱和特旱，以湘中、湘北地区旱情最为严重。省内典型受旱地区特旱、重旱范围大，旱情持续时间长，历时4个月仍未解除。

(2) 在干旱应对方面，两市均由政府主导应对过程，应对行为的高峰期与气象干旱程度加重的时期吻合，基本做到了“预防为主”；均采取非工程措施与工程措施并举的方式抗旱，但采用非工程措施的应对行为更为频繁，比重分别为78％和87％。由于两市地理背景和历史洪旱情况、旱情演化情况、水资源调度存在不同之处，采取工程措施的具体形式有一定差异。岳阳市可利用三次有效降水大规模人工增雨，该行为在工程措施中占56%，兼用调水、蓄水、引水、提水行为抗旱，而邵阳市则以调水、蓄水、提水、引水等各种水利工程抗旱措施为主，该类行为占68％。

In order to understand the evolution of catastrophic meteorological events and analyze the process and measures of human society to cope with drought, this paper uses effective drought index (EDI) and standardized precipitation index (SPI), spatial interpolation and time-series comparison based on meteorological data of different temporal accuracy, government work and newspaper text data to analyse the spatial and temporal characteristics of the drought in Hunan Province in 2022, and the response to droughts in two typical cities, Yueyang and Shaoyang. The conclusions are as below：

(1) The longest continuous high temperature for nearly 30 days in August to October and no effective precipitation for totally 60 days lead to a continuous drought in summer and autumn with extremely wide impact and intensity in Hunan that nearly 80% of the area reached severe and extreme drought, with the most severe in central and northern Hunan. The typical affected area had a large range of special and severe drought, and the drought had not been lifted for four months.

(2) In terms of response due to drought, both cities had a government-led response process, with the peak of response behaviour coinciding with the increased meteorological drought, which basically achieved “prevention-oriented”, and them adopted both non-engineering and engineering measures to cope with the drought, but non-engineering measures had been used more frequently, with a proportion of 78% and 87%. Due to the different geographical backgrounds, history of floods and drought, evolution of the drought, and water resources scheduling, the specific forms of engineering measures are different. Yueyang took advantage of three effective precipitation to increase rainfall artificially on a large scale, which accounted for 56% of the engineering measures, and water transfer, storage, diversion and lifting measures were also used, while Shaoyang mainly used water transfer, storage, lifting, diversion and other kinds of hydraulic engineering measures, which accounts for 68% of the engineering measures.