当前，我国针对流浪乞讨人员的救助治理工作正处在优化发展的关键时期；2003年以来，国内许多大中型城市纷纷结合自身实际，对社会救助治理体系和管理措施进行了一系列改革完善，但是还远远无法匹配城市化进程需要，以自愿救助和无偿救助为原则的政府救助治理工作似乎并未取得预期效果，特别是在火车站、汽车站及城市大型交通枢纽地区等人流量较大的地点仍能看到许多流浪乞讨人员，流浪乞讨人员拒绝接受救助、反复接受救助和团伙化、职业化现象屡屡出现，不仅严重影响了交通枢纽地区的综合秩序和城市风貌，也影响了市民的日常生活，更引发了广大群众对于政府治理能力的质疑。因此，研究交通枢纽地区的流浪乞讨人员救助治理，不仅能从一个特定方面完善和细化国家整体救助治理工作，还能针对城市大型交通枢纽地区的综合管理和治理方向提供合理化建议，具有十分重要的现实意义。

本文运用了归纳法、访谈法和案例分析法，通过对国外以及国内其他城市和地区的流浪乞讨人员救助治理的现实情况和经验进行总结与归纳分析对比，结合与北京西站地区公安机关、城管部门等政府机构工作人员、流浪乞讨人员和相关专业社会工作组织负责人的访谈交流，并以北京西站地区2016年到2018年流浪乞讨人员救助治理工作开展实际案例作为切入点展开研究分析，总结北京西站地区救助治理工作发展的特征、管理实践中存在的问题和问题成因思考，分析社会力量与政府机构合作开展救助治理工作的优势和发展前景，并对城市大型交通枢纽地区流浪乞讨人员未来救助治理模式的优化提出意见与建议。

通过实践研究，本文也提出了相应的救助治理优化策略，包括完善城市大型交通枢纽地区救助治理法律法规、理顺交通枢纽地区组织管理体系、创新救助治理手段、构建多元化救助治理模式、健全多元化救助治理工作监督保障机制等；城市大型交通枢纽地区流浪乞讨人员救助治理模式的优化，进一步拓宽了社会救助治理的深度和广度，实现多元主体的优势互补，也是对于政府治理能力提升的客观印证，有助于切实推动社会救助治理工作能力和水平的提升。

At present, the social assistance and management work of vagrantsand beggersin China is in the critical period of optimization. Since 2003, many large and medium-sized cities in the country have carried out a series of reforms on the social assistance management system and measures in the light of their own conditions. However, they are still far from matching the calls of the urbanization drive. Government assistance and management based on the principle of voluntary and unpaid assistance fails to meet its desired targets, especially in places with large passenger flows, such as railway stations, bus stations and large urban transportation hubs for that vagrants and beggars are still seen in large quantity and the phenomenon of vagrants and beggars refusing to receive rescue measures, repeatedly accepting assistance at the direction of professionalized groups. It not only takes a heavy toll on the comprehensive order and image of the transportation hub area, but also affects the daily life of citizens. What’s worse, it potentially causes the general public to question the ability of government governance. Therefore, this research can not only help to improve and refine the overall national assistance and management work,but also is relevant to providing suggestions for the comprehensive management and directionsof large urban transportation hub areas.

Methods includinginduction, interview and case analysis are used.This thesis summaries, analyzes and compares situations and experiencesofvagrants relief in foreign countries and other cities in China. Taking interviews of police officers, urban management officers and other public servants in Beijingxi Railway Station area, some vagrants and beggars as well as relevant specialized social work organizationpersonnels as reference, it studies and analyzes the real case of the vagrant assistance and management campaign in Beijingxi Railway Station area from 2016 to 2018. This paper summarizes the characteristics, tricky problems of relief work in Beijingxi Railway Station area and the reasons behind, analyzes the advantages and prospects of social forces and government agencies going hand in hand to carry out assistance and management work and intends to put forward some perspectives and suggestions concerning the improvement of assistance and management mode of vagrants in large urban transportation hub areas.

Through practical research, this paper also introduces strategies for improving assistance measures, including amending relevant laws, regulations and systems of vagrant assistance and management in large urban transportation hub areas, sorting out the organization and management system of transportation hub areas, innovating assistance tools, putting in place diversified assistance management mode, perfecting supervision and guarantee mechanism of diversified assistance work. The optimization of the assistance and management mode of vagrants in large urban transportation hub areas will further broaden the depth and area of social assistance, make different entities to complement each other. This will not only boost governance competence of the government. Mostly,  it is helpful to promote the ability and condition of social assistance management on a larger scale.