教育行政部门改革是构建教育治理体系的前提和基础。教育行政部门要切实把握自身在教育治理体系中所扮演的角色和职能定位，走出微观事务的泥泽，做好宏观管理，采用多元的治理方式，加快推进“管办评”分离，为学校自主发展提供空间和支持，为社会参与提供机会和保障。 文章分为五个部分，第一部分绪论，介绍了研究背景、研究意义和研究内容，提出开展对区县教育行政部门的职能研究有其政策背景、理论基础和实践需求；第二部分文献综述，包括核心概念界定、教育治理相关研究综述和教育行政职能相关研究综述，指出教育治理为教育行政职能转变提出了新的要求和发展方向；第三部分研究方法，本研究采用内容分析法，以B市D区教委和教工委为例，通过对其一年内下发通知文件的分析，梳理区县教育行政部门在教育实践中的职能现状；第四部分区县教育行政职能现状，以对文本资料的数量分析和内容分析为基础，提出地方教育行政部门职能可以分为教学育人、治校管理、党务管理、人事管理和财务管理等五个维度，其中以教学育人为核心，教学育人与治校管理约占七层。第五部分教育治理视阈下区县教育行政部门职能探讨，指出当前区县教育行政部门职能存在高度集权、过于微观和全能包揽等问题，并提出以下建议：规范教育行政职能，依法履职简政放权；厘清教育行政职能定位，承担“元治理”角色；理顺政校社关系，推进“管办评”分离。

The reform of educational administrative department is the prerequisite and foundation of constructing educational governance system. The educational administrative departments should conscientiously grasp their roles and functions in the educational governance system. They should get out of the mud of specific affairs, do a good job of macro management, adopt a variety of governance methods, accelerate the separation of management, operation and evaluation, in order to provide space and support for schools’ independent development and provide opportunities and safeguard for social involvement. The paper is divided into five parts. The first part is “introduction”. It introduces the background, significance and content of the research, which proposes that carrying out the study of the functions of county educational administrative departments has its policy background, theoretical basis and practical needs. The second part is “literature review”, including the definitions of core concepts and research reviews on education governance and education administrative functions. It points that the education governance puts forward new requirements and development directions for the transformation of education administrative functions. The third sector is “research methods”. This study used content analysis method and used the administrative departments of education of District D, City B as an example. Through the analysis of a year’s notices, the study sort out the status of county education administrative departments’ functions in education practice. The fourth part is “ the current situation of county education administrative functions”. According to the quantitative analysis and content analysis of the textual materials, it puts forward that the functions of county administrative departments of education can be divided into five dimensions, such as teaching and educating, the management of campus affairs, management of party affairs, personnel management and financial management. Among those five dimensions, teaching and education is the core. The teaching and educating part together with the management of campus affairs accounts for about seventy percent. The fifth part is “the exploration of education administrative functions of county government under the perspective of education governance”. The author points out that the functions of the educational administrative departments in the district and county are highly centralized, too microscopic and omnipotent, and make the following suggestions: regulate the administrative functions of education according to the law; clarify the position of educational administrative functions; rationalize the relationship among government, society and schools and promote the separation of management, operation and evaluation.