鼠李糖脂为铜绿假单胞菌产生的一种性能优越的生物表面活性剂，不但具有良好的表面性能，还具有生物亲和性和环境相容性等特性，在石油开采、环境修复、农业生产、食品加工、医药和日化制造等领域具有广阔的应用前景，被认为是新一代绿色表面活性剂。然而，由于鼠李糖脂的生产成本远远高于化学表面活性剂，鼠李糖脂的实际应用受到了极大地限制。乙醇是一种廉价的碳源，可用于鼠李糖脂生产。与以油类物质为原料不同，以乙醇作为碳源生产鼠李糖脂的发酵体系中不存在疏水性残余物的问题，这有利于直接使用大孔树脂分离纯化鼠李糖脂，从而简化了鼠李糖脂分离纯化的工艺。而且，低浓度乙醇的洗出液可以被回收，用作下一轮发酵的碳源。以乙醇为碳源发酵鼠李糖脂的方法不仅可以降低生产原料成本，还可以降低分离纯化成本和废液处理成本，从而全面降低鼠李糖脂生产的成本。Pseudomonas aeruginosa CICC 10204经鼠李糖脂高产菌株的选育得到一株可以利用乙醇产鼠李糖脂的菌株。在此基础上，优化发酵培养基成份、乙醇投料方法、大孔树脂分离纯化工艺以及乙醇回收再利用方法。最终，5.25%乙醇经发酵可以产生26.6g l-1鼠李糖脂，产率为0.155g l 1h-1。经大孔树脂分离纯化得到纯度为82.2%的鼠李糖脂粗提物。低浓度乙醇的洗出液可作发酵的碳源，并对鼠李糖脂的产量无影响。

The rhamnolipid of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a kind of biosurfactant with excellent performance of surface and owns the remarkable characteristic of biological affinity and environmental compatibility. Rhamnolipids have potential applications in the field of oil recovery, environmental bioremediation, agriculture, food and medical industry. It is considered that rhamnolipid will be a new green surfactant instead of synthesis surfactants. However, the cost of rhamnolipid production is so high than that of synthesis surfactant. As a result, it is impossible for rhamnolipid to be applied practically.Ethanol is a cheaper carbon source for the production of rhamnolipid. Unlike oil, there are no hydrophobic remainders using ethanol as substrate, which is beneficial to the isolation and purification of rhamnolipids by macroporous resin. The procedure of isolation and purification of rhamnolipids could be simplified. Furthermore, the eluate of macroporous resin containing a little ethanol could be reutilized as the carbon source of fermentation. The production cost of rhamnolipid could be reduced significantly.The colony which can produce rhamnolipid using ethanol as carbon was selected from Pseudomonas aeruginosa CICC 10204. On the basis of the colony, fermentation medium, ethanol feeding, isolation using macroporous and reutility of ethanol are optimized. As a result, 26.6g l-1 rhamnolipids were produced from 5.25% ethanol at a volumetric productivity 0.155g l 1h-1. After being isolated by macroporous resin, the purity of crude extract is 82.2%. The eluate containing low density ethanol can use as the carbon source, which is no effect on the yield of rhamnolipid.