随着社会和教育事业的发展，语文学科更加强调以核心素养为本。高中阶段作文以议论文为主，论文的基本内容是在高中阶段开展鲁迅杂文专题教学，立足核心素养进行整体设计，从语文作文教学中存在的现实问题入手，基于议论文主题思想、结构技巧、语言表达分别选择合适的杂文篇目供学生阅读和学习，旨在提升学生的议论文写作能力。

鲁迅杂文篇目众多，论文的第一部分对杂文篇目进行了筛选，立足核心素养对于鲁迅杂文专题教学进行了整体的教学规划。教学过程主要采取读写结合，以读促写的方式，根据不同的篇目设计不同的阅读问题，再有针对性地布置练笔，将每篇杂文的阅读成果体现在每节课后的练笔上，即读即思，即练即悟。第二部分按照教学计划进行教学实践，基于主题思想训练的杂文教学以思维训练为抓手，在打好学生思辨能力的基础上，提升学生思辨性写作水平，促进学生独立思考能力的形成，使得学生材料分析及立论能力得到了明显提升。基于结构技巧的杂文教学通过分析杂文的结构，学习清晰的说理论证以及驳论的写法，提升了学生谋篇布局的能力。基于语言表达的杂文教学实践过程中，师生共同总结出了多种表达方式相结合、旁征博引、多种论证手法交替使用、语言简练富有逻辑性等四种方法，提升了学生语言表达能力。

教学成效体现在对于学生议论文写作兴趣与批判性思维能力、材料分析及立论能力、语言表达及谋篇布局能力的影响上。此外，也有助于丰富学生的杂文知识，提升学生阅读理解能力，激发学生对不同文体以及语文学科的学习兴趣。

With the development of society and education, Chinese curriculum emphasizes more on key competences. The composition in senior high school is dominated by argumentative essays. The basic content of this paper is to carry out the special teaching of Lu Xun's essays in senior high school, carry out the overall design based on key competences, start with the practical problems existing in the teaching of Chinese composition, and select appropriate essays for students to read and learn based on the theme of argumentative essays, structural skills, and language expression. This paper aims to improve students' argumentative writing ability.

The first part of this paper selected the miscellaneous articles and made an overall teaching plan for the special topic teaching of Lu Xun's essays based on the key competences. The teaching process mainly adopts the method of combining reading with writing, promoting writing by reading, designing different reading questions according to different essays, and then arrange writing practice in a targeted way, so as to reflect the reading results of each essay in the writing practice after each lesson, let students read after thinking, practice after understanding. The second part carries out the teaching practice according to the teaching plan. The essay teaching based on the theme thought training takes the thinking training as the starting point. On the basis of laying a good foundation for the students' speculative ability, it improves the students' speculative writing level, promotes the formation of students' independent thinking ability, and has a significant effect on the improvement of students' material analysis and argumentation ability. The essay teaching based on structural skills improves the students' ability to plan the layout of essays by analyzing the structure of essays, learning clear reasoning and argumentation, and writing argumentation. In the process of teaching essays based on language expression, teachers and students jointly summarized four methods, including combination of multiple expression methods, extensive quotation, alternative use of multiple argumentation techniques, and concise and logical language, which improved students' language expression ability.

The teaching effect is reflected in the influences on students' interest in argumentative writing and critical thinking ability, material analysis and argumentation ability, language expression and layout ability. In addition, it is also helpful to enrich students' knowledge of essays, improve students' reading comprehension ability, and improve students' interest in different styles and Chinese subject.