金属锂因其具有较低的电极电势和较高的理论比能量，被认为是锂电池的理想负极材料之一。但不可控的金属锂枝晶生长和低的锂沉积/剥离效率等问题，严重阻碍了锂金属负极的应用领域。聚合物电解质是改善锂枝晶生长和提高电池安全性的有效策略之一。在本论文中，通过2-（2-氧代-1,3,2-二氧磷杂环戊烷氧基）丙烯酸乙酯（OPEA）和聚乙二醇（PEG600）共聚，成功制得聚磷酸酯-聚乙二醇聚磷酸酯（POPEA-b-PEG-b-POPEA）嵌段共聚物，进一步将其原位聚合后得到聚磷酸酯类聚合物电解质并应用于金属锂电池中。研究表明该电解质具有较高的离子电导率、较高的锂离子迁移数和较宽的电化学稳定窗口，通过锂-锂对称电池循环测试结果表明该凝胶聚合物电解质与金属锂的界面相容性佳，可有效地抑制锂枝晶生长和减少“死锂”的产生，提高金属锂电池的安全性和使用寿命。聚合物前驱体溶液对电极和隔膜都具有很好的浸润性，有助于在电极和隔膜内部构建良好的离子传输通道。相比于商业液态电解质，该聚磷酸酯类聚合物电解质组装的磷酸铁锂电池，循环稳定性更好。

        Due to its lower electrode potential and higher theoretical specific energy, metallic lithium is considered to be one of the ideal anode materials for lithium ion batteries. However, problems such as uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth and low plating/stripping efficiency have seriously hindered its application. Using polymer electrolyte is one of the effective strategies to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites and improve battery safety. In this paper, the copolymer of 2-(2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholanoxy) ethyl acrylate (OPEA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG600) was successfully prepared. Phosphate-polyethylene glycol polyphosphate (POPEA-b-PEG-b-POPEA) block copolymers were further in situ polymerized to obtain polyphosphate polymer electrolytes and used in metal lithium batteries. High ionic conductivity (1.6×10^-4 S cm^-1 20 ^oC), high lithium ion transference number and wide electrochemical stability window are shown in the results of electrolyte. Cycle performance of lithium symmetric battery indicates that the gel polymer electrolyte has excellent interface compatibility with metallic lithium, can availably restrain the growth of lithium dendrites and decrease the generation of "dead lithium", and improve the safety and service life of lithium metal batteries. The polymer precursor solution can wet both the electrode and separator well, beneficial to constructing a good ion transport channel inside the electrode and separator. Compared with the lithium iron phosphate battery with commercial liquid electrolyte, the lithium iron phosphate battery assembled with the polyphosphate polymer electrolyte has better cycle stability.