2001年中国正式开始国家创新体系的建设。2011年协同创新范式的提出，打破了政府、企业、知识生产机构等多元要素之间的壁垒。通过科技中介机构的有效连接，实现了政产学研用等多个创新主体之间资源和要素的有效汇聚。科技社团作为科技中介机构的重要组成部分，其在协同创新中的作用也逐步显现。在此形势下，学术交流作为科技社团工作的重中之重以及促进科技创新的重要源泉，也日趋活跃。与此同时，科技社团学术交流工作也暴露出政策支持体系不完善、组织结构不科学、活动能力不足、工作机制僵化、学术生态异化等问题。如何充分发挥科技社团独特的跨边界属性，创新学术交流工作，服务于协同创新，成为摆在中国科技社团面前亟待解决的问题。 论文从科技社团服务于国家创新体系的角度出发，采用定量与定性研究、理论与实证分析相结合的方法，将科技社团、学术交流和协同创新整合入一个理论框架，明确了科技社团在协同创新中的功能定位与优势，认为在协同创新视角下应构建对外开放协同、对内闭合协同的新型学术交流模型。在此基础上，结合国内外科技社团学术交流工作的探索及经验，从宏观管理、组织结构、服务形式和理念四个方面提出了协同创新视角下科技社团开展学术交流工作的创新思路，以期能够有效实现科技社团在协同创新中的跨边界组织效应，形成政府、企业、知识生产机构等各个创新主体之间的连接通路，提升学术交流效用，增进知识的流动、共享和合作，服务于国家创新能力的提升。

In 2001, China initiated the project of a national innovation system. In 2011, the proposal of the collaborative innovation concept broke down the barriers between different sectors like governments, corporations and academic institutions. Scientific associations, playing an effective intermediary role, connects the resources and key elements of different innovation subjects known as political, industrial, academic and research institutions. The significance of scientific association in innovation is manifested. Under the circumstances, academic exchanges as the key business of scientific associations and the fundamental source promoting scientific innovation is becoming more and more active. At the same time, some compelling issues are surfaced. Among the unsettling problems is inadequate support from government, organizational malfunction, impotent ability in activity organization, inflexible mechanism, dissimilation in academic ecology and etc. In view of national innovation strategy, the paper combines scientific associations, academic exchanges and collaborative innovation into a set frame of theory, clarifies the functional position and advantages of scientific associations in collaborative innovation, constructs a model for academic exchanges in virtue of collaborative innovation by incorporating quantitative and qualitative researches, as well as case study and theoretical study. The paper suggests a model with opening collaborative innovation externally and closing collaborative innovation internally. Based on this, the thesis works on the past experiences of both domestic and foreign scientific associations and comes up with an innovative proposal. The proposal suggests collaboration in terms of macro-management, organizational management, format of service, and ideology. It is expected to reinforce the traffic between different innovative subjects with multilateral collaboration. The proposal is believed to encourage academic exchanges, accelerates knowledge communication, collaboration and cooperation, all of which will promote national innovation.