磁场研究是实验室天体物理和激光等离子体研究的重要组成部分。本文介绍了激光等离子体磁场测量的仪器设备开发、数据分析方法的修正与优化、磁场测量示例和等离子体物理研究、以及数据分析方法在天文研究的交叉应用等工作。

在这些研究中，我们分别取得了以下的成果：

1.利用MPI干涉仪的特殊结构和偏振性质，设计与建造了新型MPI光学偏振仪，有助于克服传统诊断中存在的探针光去偏振、双视场采集结果难以叠合处理等问题，提高磁场诊断的质量。

2.首次提出法拉第旋光法分束方法测量等离子体磁场时存在虚假磁场问题，通过光束还原的方法抑制虚假磁场的产生，减小测量误差。

3.利用MPI偏振仪测量了磁重联实验中的外围磁场，得到了与FLASH模拟一致的磁场双向结构。测得的磁场强度比预期的要小一到两个数量级。这可能是因为积分后反向磁场被抵消。这表明，成像分辨率对准确测量磁场具有重要影响。

4.利用各向异性的阿贝尔反演方法，对于致密的分子云核进行三维体密度重构，揭示了分子云核密度结构存在的各向异性，有助于丰富和完善分子云核结构演化理论。

Magnetic field research is an important component of laboratory astrophysics and laser plasma research. In this report, we introduce the development of instruments and equipment for laser plasma magnetic field measurement, correction and optimization of data analysis methods, examples of magnetic field measurement and plasma physics research, as well as the cross application of data analysis methods in astronomical research.

In these studies, we have achieved the following research results:

1. By utilizing the special structure and polarization properties of MPI interferometer, a new type of MPI optical polarimeter has been designed and constructed, which helps to overcome the problems of depolarization of probe light and difficulty in overlapping dual field acquisition results in traditional diagnosis, and improve the quality of magnetic field diagnosis.

2. For the first time, we proposed that the Faraday rotation beam splitting method encountered the problem of false magnetic field when measuring the plasma magnetic field. Our restoration method can suppress the false magnetic field through beam reduction.

3. The peripheral magnetic field in the magnetic reconnection experiment was measured using an MPI polarizer, and a bidirectional magnetic field structure consistent with FLASH simulation was obtained. The measured magnetic field strength is one to two orders of magnitude smaller than expected. This may be because the reverse magnetic field is cancelled out after integration. It indicates that imaging resolution has a significant impact on accurately measuring magnetic fields.

4. By using the anisotropic Abel inversion method, three-dimensional density profile of dense molecular cloud cores was reconstructed. It revealed the anisotropy of the density structure of molecular cloud nuclei. This helps to enrich and improve the theory of molecular cloud core structure evolution.