五四是中国文学史上非常重要的时期。这一时期文体意识觉醒，文体解放，大量文体喷涌而出，促成了五四时期儿童文学的繁荣。但是在儿童文学研究领域中，儿童文学文体研究仍存在空白。因此本文着重对五四时期的儿童文学文体进行研究。首先，关注到五四时期儿童文学文体的基本样貌，建立了五四时期儿童文学文体数据库并深入研读文学文本，分析了由于五四时期“破旧立新”，文体解放，时代特色在不同的文体中呈现出的不同体式特征；其次，搜集整理了大量的文学史料，聚焦于五四儿童文学文体外部社会环境的巨变和内部文学自身的调整，具体讨论了这一时期儿童文学文体建构的文学生态环境。同时，还关注到五四时期儿童文学文体理论的建构，通过收集整理这一时期的文体研究成果，对不同文体进行分析，并从文体分类繁多边界模糊和理论体系发展不均衡两个角度入手具体讨论了文体理论建构的历史局限性。

The May 4th Movement is a very important period in the history of Chinese literature. In this period, with the awakening of style consciousness and the liberation of style, a large number of styles gushed out, which contributed to the prosperity of children's literature in the May 4th period. However, in the field of children's literature research, there is still a blank in children's literature style research. Therefore, this paper focuses on the study of children's literature style in the May 4th period. Firstly, it discussed the basic appearance of children's literature style in the May fourth period, established the children's literature style database and studied the literature text, analyzed the characteristics of the style and the liberation of the style of the May fourth period, and discussed the literary ecological environment of children's literature style in this period. At the same time, it also pays attention to the construction of children's literature and sports theory in the May 4th period. By collecting and sorting out the sports research results of this period, it analyzes different styles, and discusses the historical limitations of sports theory from the perspectives of the fuzzy boundaries of styles and sports and the unbalanced development of theoretical system.