教科书选文体现了编写者的精神世界。传统儒家文化强调血缘私德，近代西方文化带来了公民意识与国家观念，日本侵华战争则激发了国人的国家观念与对战争的反思、批判。这些思想相互交融、作用，形成了民国时期独有的道德观念体系。在教科书选文中，一些传统道德如勤奋好学、勤俭自持、尊亲重长、重义轻利仍然延续，但具体内涵与外延已然发生改变。政治改革下议政体制与公民社会成为新潮流，自由、人权以及其他相应的公民道德品质体现在教科书，但与西方同时期的认识与讨论仍然有较大差距。20世纪30年代日本侵略者的入侵使得战争越来越成为潜在的主旋律，激发了国人的爱国之情，教科书中也相应增加了相应主题的文章。

Textbook selections reflect the writer's spiritual world. Traditional Confucian culture emphasizes blood ties and private virtues, while modern Western culture brings a sense of citizenship and a concept of the state, and the Japanese war of aggression against China has inspired the Chinese people's concept of state and their reflection and criticism of the war. These ideas blended and functioned with each other, forming a unique system of moral concepts in the Republic of China. In the selected texts of textbooks, some traditional morals such as diligent study, diligence and self-control, respecting relatives and elders, and emphasizing righteousness and neglecting interests still continue, but the specific connotation and denotation have changed. Under the political reform, the deliberation system and civil society have become a new trend. Freedom, human rights and other corresponding civic moral qualities are reflected in textbooks, but there is still a big gap between the understanding and discussion of the same period in the West. The invasion of the Japanese invaders in the 1930s made war more and more a potential theme, aroused the patriotism of the Chinese people, and correspondingly articles on the subject were added to the textbooks.