提升教育质量是当前世界范围内教育发展的核心主题。我国教育在经历了规模扩张的发展阶段之后，进入内涵发展阶段，如何提升教育质量成为一个需要解决的关键问题。县级教育行政作为直接管理学校的基层政府管理部门，其行政行为直接影响着学校的教育教学，影响着教育发展的方向，影响着学生发展的质量。如何转变政府行政职能以促进教育质量提升是当前亟需研究的重要问题。然而当前对教育行政职能的研究主要是对人事、经费、课程等方面的分别研究或包括各种职能的全面研究，而极少关于政府职能在提升教育质量方面的研究。为了进一步研究以提高教育质量为核心的教育行政职能，本研究选取经济发达地区C区为对象开展研究。通过对1981位学生、996位教师、65位校长的问卷调查和对C区2011年-2013年间政策文件的梳理分析发现，在学习者、教育内容与过程、教育条件三个方面，教育行政职能在提升教育质量方面存在的问题包括：缺乏教育质量基本标准，教学过程不能有效促进学生发展，教师的教学与科研能力不能满足学生发展需要，教育条件保障管理不到位，教育评价方式没有发生根本改变。具体来说，C区教育行政部门已经认识到每一个学生都应该是创新人才培养的对象，并通过课程建设来培养创新人才，但没有提出明确的学生需要达到的基本标准；重视三级课程整合和校内外各种教学资源建设，但是并不能满足学校实现学生个性发展的课程资源需求；教师管理与培养机制尚不健全，对教师专业成长的支持不足；教师培训经费有所增长，但仍然难以满足实际需求；以项目方式开展区域教育质量监测工作，但制度尚未完善。总之，由于理念和制度方面的原因，当前教育行政职能在教育质量标准管理、教育教学管理、教育人力资源管理、教育条件保障管理和教育质量监测评价五个方面对教育质量的影响因素回应不足。因此，为了实现以提高质量为核心的教育行政职能，本研究认为教育行政需要从“全能型”管理向“服务型”管理转变，从“办学校”向“办教育”转变，从“管得过多”向“管得更好”转变，建议从四个方面转变教育行政职能：（1）在强化目标管理方面，建立教育质量标准、健全教育质量监测评价制度，完善教育督导问责制度。（2）在改进教学过程方面，建立课程质量监控机制、教学资源整合与共享机制和个性化学习支持机制。（3）在服务教师成长方面，建立教师专业成长支持机制、教师发展评价制度、教师动态管理制度。（4）在提升治理能力方面，建立权责明确的教育行政制度、建立教育公共治理制度、建立教育行政人员专业发展制度。

The core theme of educational development is to improve the quality of education in the current world. After the stage of the expansion development, education in Mainland China has entered the stage of connotation development. Thus, how to improve the quality of education has become the key problem to be resolved. As the basic-level government, the performance of educational administration at the county level directly influences school teaching, the direction of educational development, and the quality of student development. How to transform the government administration function so as to promote the teaching quality has become an urgent need for further study. The existing research studies in the educational administration function mainly focus on respective research on personnel, funds, course and so on; or comprehensive research including various kinds of functions. However, there are little research studies on the educational administration function in improving the quality of education. In order to further study the education administration function with the core of improving the education quality,this study selected District C,a developed economic region, as the object to conduct research.Based on the survey with1981 students, 996 teachers, and 65 principals, as well as the analysis of policy documents of District C from 2011 to 2013, the research findings indicated that the problems of education administration function in improving the educational quality were identified in the three aspects of learners, education content and process, and education conditions. They are the lack of basic education quality standards, teaching process unable to effectively promote the development of students, teachers’ teaching and research ability unable to meet the needs of students’ development, security content management education conditions not reach the designated position, and the education evaluation mode not changed radically.Specifically, the educational administrative departments in District C have realized that every student should be the object of the innovative talents cultivation, andinnovative talents should be cultivated through the course construction, however, there are no definite basic standards that students need to achieve. They attaches great importance to the three-level curriculum integration and all kinds of teaching resources construction both inside and outside schools, but it cannot meet the demands of school curriculum resources to achieve the student individuality development . Teacher management and training mechanism is not sound;moreover, the education administrative departments are short of enough support for teachers' professional development. They put more funds into teachers' training, but it is still hard to meet the actual demands. They carried out the regional educational quality monitoring work in the project way, but the system is still not perfect.In a word, because of the value and the system, the current education administration function is lack of the response to the influential factors of educational quality in the five aspects of the educational quality standard management, education teaching management, education human resources management, educational condition security management, and educational quality monitoring and evaluation. Therefore, in order to achieve the education administration function with the core of improving the educational quality, this study proposes that the educational administration needs to be transformed from the "universal" management to "service-oriented" management, from the " run a school" to "engage in education", from "manage more" to "manage better". This research study suggested that it is necessary to transform the education administration function from the four aspects of strengthening education target, improving teaching process, servicing teachers' development, and improving the governance ability.1）In terms of strengthening education goal, the education administrative departments need to establish educational quality standard, improve the educational quality monitoring system, and perfect the educational supervision accountability system.2）In terms of improving teaching process, the education administrative departments need to build courses quality monitoring mechanism, teaching resources integration and sharing mechanism, and personalized learning support mechanism.3）In terms of servicing teacher development, the education administrative departments need to establish teacher professional development support mechanism, teacher development evaluation system, and dynamic teacher management system.4）In terms of improving the governance ability, the education administrative departments need to establish clear power and responsibility of education administrative system, educational public governance system, and educational administrator professional development system.