古埃及的女性参政情况在古文明中是独特的现象，女王则是古埃及女性 参政的巅峰。女王通向权力的道路曲折，需要精心进行政治宣传来证明统治的 合法性。 古埃及女王继位后的形象中穿戴属于国王的王冠与服饰，将女王塑造为 传统的国王形象，通过重构的性别表达以符合民众对国王形象的期待。并且将 统治地位的来源与神灵相联系，遵循国王是“太阳神之子”的王权观念塑造王 位合法性；自称为女神的尘世化身，以“神女”的形象展现对民众的爱护，增 强统治的正当性。 古埃及女王形象塑造的重要原则是古埃及宗教中的二元观念，女王形象 宣传中展示王权中两性的互动以彰显对维护王权更生的责任的履行。女王宣 称以女儿的身份合法继任王位，对王室血统的强调反映出王室女性在王权继 承中的位置高于非王室出身的男性。王室女性的继承权也侧面呼应古埃及王 室内婚制的由来，揭示了“内婚”的实质是国王与公主的婚姻。 女王形象宣传中的共性反映了古埃及宗教的基本理念经久不变，显示了 古埃及文化的延续性。女王的形象宣传服务于女王的宗教目的与政治诉求， 显现出女王形象塑造与现实政治的深切关联。女王面向西亚、罗马的形象宣传 反映了埃及与周边地区的深刻联系。

The situation of women's political participation in ancient Egypt is a distinctive phenomenon within all the ancient civilizations, and the female pharaohs represent the pinnacle of female dominations. The paths to power for these female pharaohs were full of twists and turns. It was necessary for them to do propaganda work to legitimize their ruling. After the accession to the throne, the female pharaohs wore the crowns and costumes only belonging to pharaohs, portraying their images as traditional pharaohs. Besides, they reconstructed their gender expression to meet the public's expectations for the pharaohs. The female pharaohs associated themselves with gods and goddesses, they sought to establish their authority on the base of divine right. They followed the notion that pharaoh is “son of the sun”, creating their sacred birth myth to legitimate their thrones. They claimed themselves were the goddesses in mortal world, showing their loving care and protection for their people to enhance their legitimacy of reigns. The fundamental principle underlying the image construction of female pharaohs is the feminine-masculine dualism in Egyptian religion. The female pharaohs’ images propaganda exhibited the interaction between male factors and female factors, demonstrating the female pharaohs could implement their responsibilities of maintaining the rebirths of the kingship. The female pharaohs claimed to be the legitimate successors to the throne as the daughters of their father pharaohs. Their strategies of emphasizing their royal lineage illustrates the royal 2 women’s status in succession of kingship were ahead of men who without the royal blood. The royal women’s inheritance rights also reflected the origin of the endogamy within the Egyptian royal family, revealing that the essence of royal endogamy is the marriage between the pharaoh and the princess. The similarities in the publicities of female pharaohs’ images demonstrate the enduring basic idea of ancient Egyptian religion and shows the continuity of ancient Egyptian culture. The propagandas of these regal images not only were for religious purposes, but reflected a profound connection between image construction and political situations. Their images propaganda in Western Asia and Rome revealed the deep relations between Egypt and the surrounding regions.