本文结合光栅衍射与双光源干涉设计出了新型波长测量仪。依据干涉方法的不同分为平面波干涉测量仪和球面波干涉测量仪。平面波测量设计方案利用傅里叶分析处理周期性信号。而球面波测量仪利用角谱原理的全息还原方法对信号进行处理，并且巧妙使用一种迭代算法解决了未知波长无法使用角谱法的矛盾。两种测量仪理论上的测量不确定度都能达到皮米以下，而且都只用到一个全息光栅、一个消色差双合透镜、一个CCD、反射镜与单模光纤若干。光路简单，成本低廉，非常适合光学实验室的使用。

A novel wavelength meter is designed and constructed that combines diffraction grating with holographic reconstruction. Two configurations are come up with according to the interference patterns. The wavelength meter based on plane wave interference retrieves the grating diffraction orders using Fourier analysis. The wavelength meter based on spherical wave interference reconstructs the grating diffraction orders using the angular spectrum method (ASM). An iteration algorithm is invented to use ASM with the unknown wavelength, and we show the iteration quickly converge to the wavelength to be measured. Both configurations have resolutions at a picometer level, while the spherical wave design is more compact and have a higher resolution. To build the new wavelength meter needs a reflective holographic grating, an achromatic doublet lens, a digital camera, two reflecting mirrors and a single mode fiber. The design is simple, compact and economical, and we expect it to be very suitable for research laboratories.