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中文题名:

 课堂活动对课堂问题行为的积极影响—— 以孔子学院汉语课后班为例    

姓名:

 王宇    

保密级别:

 公开    

论文语种:

 中文    

学科代码:

 045300    

学科专业:

 汉语国际教育    

学生类型:

 硕士    

学位:

 汉语国际教育硕士    

学位类型:

 专业学位    

学位年度:

 2020    

校区:

 北京校区培养    

学院:

 汉语文化学院    

研究方向:

 课堂管理和课堂活动    

第一导师姓名:

 胡秀梅    

第一导师单位:

 北京师范大学汉语文化学院    

提交日期:

 2020-06-08    

答辩日期:

 2020-05-26    

外文题名:

 POSITIVE EFFECTS OF CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES ON CLASSROOM PROBLEM BEHAVIORS—— TAKE THE CONFUCIUS INSTITUTE CHINESE AFTER-SCHOOL CLASS AS AN EXAMPLE    

中文关键词:

 美国儿童汉语课堂 ; 课堂管理 ; 课堂问题行为 ; 课堂活动    

外文关键词:

 American Chinese class for children ; Classroom management ; Classroom problem behaviors ; Classroom activities    

中文摘要:

国外汉语课堂管理问题不仅与教学环境和教学环节相关,还涉及到不同国家教育理念和文化背景,所以它一直是学界研究的重点,也是教师实际教学中的难点之一。笔者在2018-2019年担任美国俄克拉荷马大学孔子学院汉语课后班教师,主要负责教授7到12岁的美国儿童。班内学生年龄不同、教育背景各异,课后班的上课时间也相对灵活,这些因素给课堂教学带来更多的挑战。常规课堂管理方法的有效性和科学性毋庸置疑,为了提高学生学习兴趣和教学质量,并且更加省时有效地处理学生课堂问题行为笔者结合实习期的教学实践经验,试图利用课堂活动解决课堂管理问题。

通过课堂和问卷调查我们记录了学生的问题行为,按照问题行为表现形式的不同,分为扰乱秩序性问题行为、注意分散性问题行为和退缩性问题行为。结合对学生问卷调查的结果,对比学生在课堂活动进行时和完成后的表现,讨论课堂活动是否影响学生的课堂行为、对处理问题行为是否有积极意义,进而分析不同类别的课堂活动对处理课堂问题行为的不同影响,帮助汉语教师更有针对性优化改进课堂活动,为课堂管理服务。

通过分析发现,不同组织形式的课堂活动对学生问题行为有明显影响,个人活动与小组活动、竞争性活动和非竞争性活动的界限没有绝对标准,所以,为了让课堂活动适应课堂的整体环境,并且对管理学生问题行为产生积极效果,教师应该依据出席学生人数学生特点、课堂氛围适时调整设计活动规则、活动环节和活动形式,即使是同一个活动也不能总是拘泥于一种模式。

在此基础上,笔者将“师生角色互换”“随堂测试”“拍苍蝇”“快递员”“汉语五子棋”“你比我猜”等六个课堂活动分别进行了优化设计,既要对扰乱秩序性问题行为、注意分散性问题行为和退缩性问题行为的管理有一定帮助,也要尽量减少因活动引发的其他问题行为,保证课堂的平稳进行,提高课堂教学效率

外文摘要:

The problems of Chinese classroom management abroad are not only related to the teaching environment and teaching links, but also involve the educational concepts and cultural backgrounds of different countries, so it has always been the focus of academic research and one of the difficulties in the actual teaching of teachers. From 2018 to 2019, the author served as a teacher of Chinese after-school classes at the Confucius Institute at the University of Oklahoma, USA, and was mainly responsible for teaching American children aged 7 to 12. Students in the class have different ages, different educational backgrounds, and the after-class time is relatively flexible. These factors bring more challenges to classroom teaching. The effectiveness and scientificity of conventional classroom management methods are unquestionable, but in order to improve students ’interest in learning and teaching quality, and to deal with students’ classroom problem behaviors in a more time-saving and effective manner, the author combined with teaching practice experience during the internship period, tried to use classroom activities to solve Classroom management issues.

The thesis adopts the classroom observation method to observe and record students' problem behaviors. According to the different forms of problem behaviors, they are divided into disordered problem behaviors, attention-distracted problem behaviors and withdrawal problem behaviors. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey of students, comparing the performance of students during and after classroom activities, the thesis discusses whether classroom activities affect students' classroom behaviors, and whether they have positive significance for problem-solving behaviors, and then analyzes the different influences of problem behaviors which the different types of classroom activities take.  We hope that it could help Chinese teachers to optimize and improve classroom activities in a more targeted manner and serve classroom management.

    Classroom activities of different organizational forms have a significant impact on student problem behavior, and there is no absolute standard for the boundaries between individual activities and group activities, competitive activities and non-competitive activities. It has a positive effect on the management of students' problem behaviors. Teachers should adjust the design activity rules, activity links and activity forms according to the number of students attending, the characteristics of students, and the classroom atmosphere. Even the same activity cannot always be stuck to a model.

Based on the analysis, the author optimized the six classroom activities such as "Play a role of teacher", "Test on a paper", "Match pictures with Chinese word cards", "Mailbox", "Connection" and "You do movements I guess". It would help teacher control disordered problem behaviors, attention-distracted problem behaviors and withdrawal problem behaviors. It also necessary to minimize other problem behaviors caused by activities to ensure the smooth progress of the classroom and improve classroom teaching efficiency.

参考文献总数:

 52    

作者简介:

 王宇,本科毕业于天津大学汉语言文学专业,以语言学研究为主,参加教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目、 教育部“本科教学工程”天津大学2015年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目,作为作者之一在福建教育学院学报发表《“以”的介词功能转化与去向》。硕士毕业于北京师范大学汉语国际教育,研究方向是汉语课堂管理和课堂活动。    

馆藏号:

 硕045300/20062    

开放日期:

 2021-06-08    

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