消除贫困是我们国家重要的战略目标与各级政府的重要任务，而旅游扶 贫是落后地区消除贫困的有效手段，对旅游扶贫的模式与成效进行研究具有 现实意义。本文研究了以贵州为代表的欠发达地区的 6 种旅游扶贫模式，分 别是: 政府主导、企业运营的民族村寨旅游扶贫模式，龙头景区带动周边开 发的旅游扶贫模式，企业资金支持的区域旅游开发扶贫模式，社区主导、全 民参与的乡村旅游扶贫模式，政府扶持与国际援助相结合的旅游扶贫模式， 政府+公司+旅行社+农民旅游协会“四位一体”的旅游扶贫模式。从经济效益、 社会效益、文化效益、生态效益四个方面探讨了旅游扶贫的成效。在实地调 查西江千户苗寨和丹寨万达小镇的基础上发现：旅游扶贫的对象不精准，政 策实施和监管不到位；贫困人口参与度低，出现“旅游飞地”问题；旅游收 入不均，贫富差距大；旅游开发层次低，影响扶贫成效；并针对这些旅游扶 贫中存在的问题提出了相应的建议，为我国其他欠发达地区实施旅游扶贫提 供了借鉴与参考。

Eliminating poverty is an important strategic goal of our country and an important task for governments at all levels. Pro-Poor Tourism is an effective means to eliminate poverty in backward areas. Research on the model and effectiveness of pro-poor tourism is of practical significance. This paper studies six types of pro-poor tourism models for less-developed regions represented by Guizhou, which are: government-led, enterprise-operated tourism model for poverty alleviation in ethnic minority villages; the leading scenic spots drive the peripheral development of pro-poor tourism model; the regional tourism development and poverty alleviation model supported by enterprise funds; community-led, all-involved rural pro-poor tourism model; government support and international aid combined pro-poor tourism model; government + company + travel agency + Farmers Tourism Association "four in one" model of pro-poor tourism. And this paper analyzes the effectiveness of pro-poor tourism from four aspects: economic benefits, social benefits, cultural benefits, and ecological benefits. Based on field surveys of Xijiang Miao Village and Danzhai Wanda Town, 3 it was found that the object of pro-poor tourism is inaccurate, policy supervision and implementation are not in place; the poverty-stricken population has a low degree of participation and there is a problem of “tourism enclaves”; uneven tourism income, large gap between rich and poor; low levels of tourism development, affecting the effectiveness of poverty alleviation; and put forward some suggestions on these problems in the pro-poor tourism. It provided reference for the implementation of pro-poor tourism in other less-developed regions in China.