信息不完全理论作为经济学界近20年最活跃的研究领域之一，近年来持续受到国内外学者的广泛关注。将信息不完全这个因素和新兴的经济学理论方法结合起来，对实际经济中的一些重要的问题进行分析，得出与实际更为相符的结论，是一个非常有意义的研究方向。本文以独特的视角将交易过程中买方面临的信息不完全分为两种类型：与可供选择的产品种类有关的横向信息不完全以及与产品质量相关的纵向信息不完全。从买卖双方交易的根本决定因素——意愿价格出发，利用多个体模型及动力学模型讨论了信息不完全的存在如何影响市场演化的结果。在横向信息不完全方面，本文利用多个体模型讨论了在多个买方和卖方共存的市场中，买方面对有限的横向信息时市场收益和成交率的演化过程。通过计算机模拟发现随着市场规模的增加和买方搜索能力的增强，买方的收益和市场成交率随之增加。在纵向信息不完全方面，我们用买方信息识别能力这一变量来表示纵向信息不完全的程度，并把它引入到买卖双方的交易决策中来。对这种情形进行理论分析和计算机模拟，我们得出了在单一厂商存在的市场中买卖双方都有动机使买方信息识别能力增强的结论。而在双寡头卖方质量差异市场中，我们引入了厂商价格动态调整的动力学机制，发现信息不完全的存在使得生产高质量产品的厂商市场份额和收益有所下降，此外随着信息不完全程度的增加，厂商需要采取更为微小的价格调整幅度才能保证有稳定的均衡收益。

As one of the most active research areas in the recent 20 years, incomplete information theory has kept on attracting so much interest from economists. It is a more meaningful topic to address some crucial issues in real economies, combining incomplete information factor with currently developed economic approaches and presenting more practical solution.In this work we divide the incomplete information which the buyers meet in the trading into two types: horizontal incomplete information which relates with the available product types the buyers can search, and vertical incomplete information which relates with the product quality. Based on the fundamental trading element ---willingness price, we employ multi-agent model and dynamic model to examine how incomplete information affects the market evolution results.As to the horizontal incomplete information, we applied multi-agent model to show the buyers’ revenue and successful trading rate evolution process. We found that both the buyers’ revenue and successful trading rate rise with the increase in product volume and buyers’ searching scope. As to the vertical incomplete information, we introduced a variable—information identified ability, to denote the degree of incompleteness of information, and incorporated it into the trading process. We carried out theoretical analysis and computer simulations on this case and drew a conclusion that both the seller and buyer have the motivation to increase buyer’s information identified ability in the single firm market. While in the duopolistic market with vertical production differentiation, we introduced the price dynamic adjustment mode to the traditional model, recognized that both the market share and revenue of high quality product firm are reduced because of the incomplete information existence. What’s more, two firms have to adopt smaller price adjustment to ensure achieving the stable revenue as the information incomplete degree rises.