研究目的：跆拳道是一项促使练习者进行全身活动的运动，能够有效培养大学生有氧耐力水平和动作的自我控制能力，深受大学生的喜爱。本文将从身体形态、身体素质、最大摄氧量和心率变异性等方面对跆拳道提升女大学生体质状况进行实验性研究。为跆拳道提升体质提供理论依据，为体育教学改革提供参考。 研究方法：选取北京师范大学女大学生30人作为研究对象，分为对照组15人和实验组15人。实验组进行为期16周的跆拳道“三自”课干预，对照组不进行跆拳道“三自”课干预。干预前后，采用InBody Health Care System对女大学生的身体形态、身体素质进行测量；采用Lode Valiant跑台对女大学生的有氧能力进行测定，最大摄氧量采用Bruce经典测试方案；心率变异性采用SunFitLink运动监测设备进行数据的采集。运用SPSS20.0统计软件进行统计学分析。 研究结果：16周跆拳道“三自”课干预后（1）被试身体形态指标中的体脂肪、体脂百分比含量呈下降趋势，且差异具有极显著性（P<0.01）；生理指标未出现显著差异（P>0.05）；（2）被试最大摄氧量无显著性差异（P>0.05），女大学生的最大摄氧量相对值有所提高且具有显著性（P<0.05），每分通气量具有极显著性差异（P<0.01）；（3）被试SDNNindex、RMSSD、PNN50等心率变异性指标均有显著提高（P<0.01）；（4）被试SDANN与最大摄氧量相对值和代谢当量具有相关性且有显著差异（r=0.67，P<0.05；r=0.64，P<0.05）；（5）被试立定跳远测试结果和800米测试结果没有出现显著性差异，但被试坐位体前屈距离，仰卧起坐次数以及50米得分均有所提高，且有显著性差异（P<0.05）。 研究结论：跆拳道运动在改善女大学生体质方面有积极促进作用。跆拳道可以改善女大学生的身体形态、柔韧性、腰腹肌力量和有氧耐力水平；女大学生的迷走神经张力水平有所提高，运动的自主神经控制能力有所增强。

Background：Taekwondo is a kind of exercise that encourages practitioners to carry out whole body activities. It can effectively cultivate the self-control ability of college students' aerobic endurance level and movement, and is deeply loved by college students. This research will conduct an experimental study on the physical fitness of female college students from the aspects of body shape, physical fitness, maximal oxygen uptake and heart rate variability. It provides a theoretical basis for the promotion of physique in Taekwondo and provides a reference for the reform of physical education. Method：Thirty people come from Beijing Normal University were selected as the research object, which were divided into 15 experimental groups and 15 control groups. The experimental group was subjected to Taekwondo exercise intervention, and the control group did not undergo Taekwondo exercise intervention. Before and after intervention, body shape and physical fitness measurement with InBody Health Care System; Determination of aerobic capacity using the Lode Valiant treadmill, Maximum oxygen uptake using Bruce classic test protocol. After the 16-week course, the same method was used for post-testing. The SPSS20.0 analysis software was used for mathematical statistics analysis. Results：After the 16-week course, (1) The percentage of body fat and body weight in the body shape indicators of the subjects decreased significantly (P<0.01); there was no significant difference in physical fitness (P>0.05). (2) There was no significant difference in the maximum oxygen uptake of the subjects (P>0.05), The kilogram oxygen uptake of female college students increased and was significant (P<0.05), and the ventilation per minute was extremely significant (P<0.01). (3) The heart rate variability indexes such as SDNNindex, RMSSD and PNN50 were significantly improved (P<0.01).(4) The SDANN was correlated with kilogram oxygen uptake and metabolic equivalent and was significantly different (r=0.67, P<0.05; r=0.64, P<0.05);.(5) There was no significant difference between the test results and the 800-meter test results, but the test participants' flexion distance, sit-ups and 50-meter scores were all improved, and there were significant differences (P<0.05); Conclusions：The Taekwondo movement has a positive role in improving the physical fitness of female college students. Taekwondo can improve the body shape, flexibility, waist and abdomen strength of the female college students and improve the function of the vagus nerve system. The nerve control ability of the exercise is enhanced.