党的二十大报告指出“科技是第一生产力，创新是第一动力”，进入新时代，提升科技与创新能力已成为推进中国式现代化的重要战略，高新技术企业作为科技创新的重要主体，承载了技术创新与经济发展的双重属性，是助推经济高质量发展的强劲引擎，但企业的创新成果及创新活动存在外部性、风险性与不确定性，不利于企业创新绩效的提升，易造成市场资源的低效配置。因此，需要借助政府“有形的手”对市场进行适当的调控和干预，以弥补创新活动中的市场失灵，其中政府补贴就是被广泛使用的一种政策工具。

为探索政府补贴是否能够有效提升高新技术企业的创新绩效，本文基于微观企业视角，将研究重点聚焦于高新技术企业这个特定的群体以及北京市这个在国家科技创新体系中具有特殊战略定位的区域，运用外部性理论和信息不对称理论，从定量与定性两方面分析了政府补贴与高新技术企业创新绩效之间的影响效应及差异性影响因素，并以此提出完善宏观政府补贴政策的展望。本文运用文献研究及实证研究两种方法，首先基于国内外已有文献，回顾、总结了政府补贴与企业创新绩效的研究成果。同时，从发展特点、行业、区域、税收、技术领域、补贴形式等多维度梳理了北京市政府补贴政策实施现状、高新技术企业发展现状及存在的不足。进一步地，本文提出了研究假设，使用国泰安数据库（CSMAR）公开数据，以124家北京市上市高新技术企业为样本，使用stata软件对企业2012-2021年十年间的数据进行了描述性统计、相关性分析、固定效应回归分析、稳健性检验等一系列实证分析，探究了政府补贴与企业创新绩效之间的影响效应、研发投入的中介效应、发明专利创新与非发明专利创新、国有企业与非国有企业的差异性影响效应。

实证分析发现：政府补贴对北京市高新技术企业的创新绩效具有显著的促进作用，但对于国有高新技术企业的促进作用要小于非国有企业，并且，企业的研发投入在政府补贴与高新技术企业创新绩效之间发挥了中介作用，同时，政府补贴对于高新技术企业发明专利创新的激励作用要显著强于非发明专利。结合实证检验结论及北京市实际情况，本文提出了四方面的政策展望：一是要依托研发投入与创新产出双重指标，加强政策配套，顺应企业创新发展规律，合理配置补贴资源；二是要强化补贴政策的差异化实施，适当向非国有企业和中小型科创企业倾斜、加大对发明专利创新的支持力度，为重点企业提供精准服务等；三是要尊重市场发展规律，强化市场主体地位，发挥补贴政策引导效应，构建多主体创新激励体系；四是要完善政府补贴绩效评价体系，构建政策实施的事前、事中、事后全流程跟踪评价体系，完善补贴政策的进入和退出机制，提高政府补贴的使用效益。

The report of the 20th Party Congress pointed out that"science and technology is the first productive force and innovation is the first driving force". However, there are externality, risks and uncertainties in the innovation results and activities of enterprises, which are not conducive to the improvement of their innovation performance and may cause inefficient allocation of market resources. Therefore, government subsidies are a widely used policy tool to compensate for market failures in innovation activities through appropriate regulation and intervention by the 'visible hand' of the government.

In order to explore whether government subsidies can effectively improve the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises, this paper focuses on a specific group of high-tech enterprises and Beijing, a region with a special strategic position in the national science and technology innovation system, based on a micro-enterprise perspective, and analyses the effect of government subsidies on the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives and the differential impact factors. In this paper, we analyse the effect of government subsidies on the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises and the factors influencing the differences between them, and propose prospects for improving macro government subsidy policies.Using both literature and empirical research methods, this paper firstly reviews and summarises the research results, theories and findings on government subsidies and enterprise innovation performance based on the existing literature in China, and then proposes the research hypothesis of this paper. At the same time, the current situation of the implementation of government subsidies and the development of high-tech enterprises in Beijing is reviewed in terms of development characteristics, industries, regions, taxation, technology areas, and forms of subsidies, as well as their shortcomings. Further, using public data from the CSMAR, this paper conducts a series of empirical analyses, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, fixed-effects regression analysis and robustness tests, on a sample of 124 listed high-tech enterprises in Beijing, using stata software for the ten-year period 2012-2021, to explore the relationship between government subsidies and enterprise

innovation performance The empirical analysis found that government subsidies have a significant impact on the innovation performance of firms, the mediating effect of R&D investment, the differential effect of invention patent innovation and non-invention patent innovation, and the differential effect of state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises.

The empirical analysis finds that government subsidies have a significant contribution to the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises in Beijing, but the contribution to state-owned high-tech enterprises is smaller than that of non-state-owned enterprises, and that the R&D investment of enterprises plays a mediating role between government subsidies and the innovation performance of high-tech enterprises, while the incentive effect of government subsidies on invention patent innovation of high-tech enterprises is significantly stronger than that of non- The incentive effect of government subsidies on innovation of high-tech enterprises is significantly stronger than that of non-invent patents. Combining the findings of the empirical tests and the actual situation in Beijing, this paper proposes four policy perspectives: First, we should rely on the dual indicators of R&D investment and innovation output, strengthen policy support, follow the law of enterprise innovation development, and reasonably allocate subsidy resources; second, we should strengthen the differentiated implementation of subsidy policies, appropriately favour non-state enterprises and small and medium-sized science and innovation enterprises, increase support for invention patent innovation, and provide precise services for key enterprises; third, we should strengthen the differentiated implementation of subsidy policies, appropriately favour non-state enterprises and small and medium-sized science and innovation enterprises, increase support for invention patent innovation, and provide precise services for key enterprises. Third, we should respect the law of market development, strengthen the status of market players, give play to the guiding effect of subsidy policies, and build a multi-body innovation incentive system; Fourth, we should improve the performance evaluation system of government subsidies, build a whole process tracking and evaluation system for the implementation of policies before, during and after the event, improve the entry and exit mechanisms of subsidy policies, and improve the effectiveness of the use of government subsidies.