随着全球气候变化和城市化进程的加速，城市内涝的频繁发生、水环境的污染问题以及雨水资源的大量流失，已经成为制约城市可持续发展的瓶颈。海绵城市作为一种新型的城市发展模式，其建设对于缓解城市内涝具有重要意义，其中低影响开发设施(LID)的合理布局与应用尤为关键，它也为城市提供了碳汇、缓解热岛效应、吸收大气污染以及补充地下水等多种生态系统服务价值。本研究构建了一种多目标优化方法，以北京市河畔丽景小区为例，本研究首先考虑了小区当前无LID设施的现状，并以此为基准，货币化评估了LID设施的成本和设施所带来的各种附加的生态系统服务价值。通过综合考虑成本和生态系统服务价值，本研究构建了一个包含径流削减率和净成本在内的多目标函数模型，利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法得到帕累托前沿面，再利用熵权-优劣解距离法对得到的帕累托前沿进行客观评价，最终从中确定一个得分最高的可行解作为拟实施方案，实现了径流削减与经济效益的最优平衡，在满足相关的约束条件与最低径流总量控制率前提下，实现了70.6%的径流削减率，综合净成本为3.5*10⁶元。本研究有利于为海绵城市建设提供更全面的决策依据，同时可以用于帮助决策者选择LID设施铺设的实施方案。

With the acceleration of global climate change and urbanization, the natural water cycle process has been significantly affected, causing urban water problems to become increasingly prominent. The frequent occurrence of urban waterlogging, water environment pollution and massive loss of rainwater resources have become bottlenecks restricting the sustainable development of cities. As a new urban development model, the construction of sponge city is of great significance for alleviating urban waterlogging. Among the many sponge city construction measures, the rational layout and application of low-impact development facilities (LID) are particularly critical. It also provides the city with multiple ecosystem service values ​​such as carbon sinks, mitigating the heat island effect, absorbing air pollution, and replenishing groundwater. This study constructs a multi-objective optimization method to achieve the optimal balance between cost and benefit in the laying of LID facilities. Taking the Hepanlijing Community in Beijing as an example, this study first considered the current situation of the community without LID facilities, and used this as a benchmark to monetize the cost of LID facilities and various additional ecosystem services brought by the facilities. value. By comprehensively considering costs and ecosystem service values, this study constructed a multi-objective function model including runoff reduction rate and net cost. The NSGA-II algorithm was used to obtain the Pareto front composed of all non-dominated solutions, and then used The entropy weight-distance method of better and worse solutions objectively evaluates the obtained Pareto front, and finally determines a feasible solution with the highest comprehensive score as the proposed implementation plan, achieving the optimal balance between runoff reduction and economic benefits, while satisfying the relevant requirements. Under the premise of constraint conditions and the minimum total runoff control rate, a runoff reduction rate of 70.6% was achieved, with a comprehensive net cost of 3.5*10⁶ yuan. This study will help provide a more comprehensive decision-making basis for the construction of sponge cities, and can also be used to help decision-makers choose implementation plans for the laying of LID facilities.