作为一种古今共有的民俗信仰，“鬼文化”与人类社会有着极其密切的关系，中外文本中与“鬼”有关的文学创作更是不胜枚举。在中国古代文学中，“鬼文化”在题材、主题、情感、结构、思想、艺术形式、审美想象上都发挥了重要的文学功能。进入文化转型的现代时期，现代作家的“鬼”文学写作顺应时代发展，从整体上融合“民俗”、“启蒙”、“审美”等多维度的思考，逐渐进入到“现代”审美的层次。这一时期的“鬼文化”书写也因此包含了多种含义和多重意义，显示出存在形态的丰富性和多样性。

在思想“启蒙”和文学“现代性”追求的过程中，现代作家对流传了几千年的“鬼文化”进行了重新审视和自觉经营，在具体的创作中对传统的“鬼文化”书写作出了调整，使得中国现代文学出现了一派奇丽幻魅的文学景观。关照整个中国现代文学史，可以发现整体的“鬼文化”于现代文学中的走向，识别出“鬼文化”书写的发展和演变轨迹。

“鬼文化”天然地与乡土文学有着千丝万缕的联系，作为二十世纪三十年代书写乡土的重要作家，吴组缃自然属于这条谱系的一环。他笔下的世界总是潜藏着或明或隐的“鬼”的因子，对“鬼文化”的书写构成了其小说作品的重要组成部分，也赋予了其作品别具一格的艺术魅力。

本文试以“鬼文化”为切入点，对吴组缃的小说创作进行整体的把握。不仅将吴组缃的“鬼文化”书写置于中国现代作家“鬼文化”书写的谱系中进行考察，还着眼于挖掘其“鬼文化”书写的独特之处，力图在吴组缃小说创作与“鬼文化”精神内核的交汇点上，呈现那些被遮蔽和被忽视的部分。

全文共分为三章。第一章将呈现现代文学“鬼文化”书写的发展脉络，明确吴组缃“鬼文化”书写的历史坐标；并通过与 20、30、40 年代代表作家“鬼文化”书写的对比，发现吴组缃“鬼文化”书写的独特性。第二章具体分析吴组缃“鬼文化”书写受到的多方面的文化资源的影响，从古典文化滋养、皖南地域文化浸润、“五四”以来“鬼文化”书写的转型等方面剖析吴组缃“鬼文化”书写的多重蕴含。第三章结合具体的小说文本，深入挖掘“鬼文化”书写对吴组缃小说的思维模式、审美风格、哲理思考等方面产生的影响。结语对吴组缃小说“鬼文化”书写的价值和不足进行总结，说明这种书写策略对其小说创作的推进与制约，从而对吴组缃作品的文学价值作出更全面客观的评价。

吴组缃的“鬼文化”书写不仅与他的文学创作紧密相关，还与他的文学研究相互作用。对传统“鬼文化”书写进行吸收和再创造的过程，也是吴组缃不断回应和完善自己文学主张和文艺批评观的过程。在这个意义上，以“鬼文化”书写的视角重新审视吴组缃的小说创作，或许能从另一个角度阐明吴组缃文学创作内涵的丰富性与独特性。 

As an ancient and modern folk belief, "ghost culture" has an extremely close relationship with human society, and there are countless literary creations related to "ghosts" in Chinese and foreign texts. In ancient Chinese literature, "ghost culture" played an important literary function in terms of subject matter, theme, emotion, structure, thought, artistic form and aesthetic imagination. Entering the modern periodof cultural transformation, the "ghost" literature written by modern writers conforms to the development of the times, integrating multi-dimensional thinking such as  "folklore", "enlightenment", and "aesthetics" from a holistic point of view. "Ghost culture" writing during this period thus encompasses multiple meanings and multiplicity of significance, showing the richness and diversity of the forms of existence. 

In the process of ideological "enlightenment" and the pursuit of literary "modernity", modern writers have re-examined and consciously operated the "ghost culture" that has been passed down for thousands of years, and have adjusted the traditional "ghost culture" writing in their specific creations, which has led to the emergence of a strange, beautiful and phantasmagorical literary landscape in modern Chinese literature.Looking at the entire history of modern Chinese literature, we are able to discover the direction of overall "ghost culture" in modern literature as a whole, and to identify the development and evolution of the writing of "ghost culture". 

"Ghost culture" is naturally inextricably linked to vernacular literature, and as an important writer of vernacular literature in the 1930s, Wu Zuxiang naturally belongs to this genealogy. The world he writes about always has the factor of "ghosts" lurking

either explicitly or implicitly, and the writing of "ghost culture" constitutes an important part of his novels, which also gives his works a unique artistic charm. 

This paper tries to take "ghost culture" as an entry point to grasp Wu's novel creation as a whole. It not only puts Wu's "ghost culture" writing into the spectrum of modern Chinese writers' "ghost culture" writing, but also focuses on digging out the uniqueness of his "ghost culture" writing, and tries to present those parts that have been obscured and neglected at the intersection of Wu's novel creation and the spiritual core of "ghost culture". 

The text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter will present the development of "ghost culture" writing in modern literature, clarify the historical coordinates of Wu's "ghost culture" writing; and by comparing Wu's writing with that of the representative writers of the 20s, 30s and 40s, we can find the uniqueness of Wu's writing on "ghost culture". The second chapter specifically analyzes the influence of various cultural resources on Wu's "ghost culture" writing. From the aspects of classical cultural nourishment, the infiltration of regional culture in southern Anhui, and the transformation of "ghost culture" writing since "May 4th", we can analyze the multiple meanings of Wu's writing on "ghost culture". The third chapter combines specific novel texts to explore the influence of "ghost culture"  writing on Wu's thinking mode, aesthetic style, and philosophical thinking in his novels. Conclusion summarize the value and shortcomings of Wu's novel's "ghost culture" writing, explaining the advancement and constraints of this writing strategy on the novel's creation, so as to make a more comprehensive and objective evaluation of the literary value of Wu's works. 

Wu's "ghost culture" writing is not only closely related to his literary creation,  but also interacts with his literary research. The process of absorbing and recreating the traditional "ghost culture" writing is also the process of Wu's continuous response and improvement of his own literary ideas and literary criticism. In this sense,  re-examining Wu's novels from the perspective of "ghost culture" writing may shed light on the richness and uniqueness of Wu's literary creation from another perspective.In this sense, re-examining Wu's novels from the perspective of "ghost culture" writing may shed light on the richness and uniqueness of Wu's literary creation from another angle.