哈姆雷特和赵氏孤儿都是十五世纪中叶有关复仇主题的伟大戏剧作品，它们在世界文学史上有着巨大而深远的影响。这两部戏剧在人物塑造，情节设置，主题思想，悲剧审美等众多方面存在较大的差异，这种差异是作者所处的社会历史时期，文化传统,民族审美意识，历史文化背景等多种不同因素共同作用的结果。我们比较这两部作品，是为了更深刻的理解这两种悲剧的特征和意义，基于深入的解读和剖析文本，关注作用与文本的社会历史因素来探究文学背景对文学作品的影响，领略不同文学的魅力，从而探求各民族文学发展中有共性的规律。

"Hamlet" and "The Orphan of Zhao" is a drama about "revenge" of the mid-fifteenth century;are all very great drama works which have great far-reaching influence in the history of literature. The two plays have a lot of differences on the themes concern，characterization,plot setting and tragic aesthetic which influenced by different social historical period, cultural traditions and sense of nation aesthetics and cultural background. the purpose of comparison is to help readers have a deep understanding about the characteristics an significances of these two works, based on the in-depth explanation and analysis the two works，then focus on the social and historical factors which acting on literature to explore the impact of cultural background on literary works, Appreciate the charm of different literature. Hereby further investigating the regular patterns in the development of different national literature.