免疫接种是人类历史上最重要的公共卫生成就之一。家长对儿童预防接种起决定作用，直接影响到儿童疫苗的接种率。其中，高教育水平家长的态度和决策尤为重要，不仅会塑造个体和群体内部的预防接种行为，更将预测未来国家整体的预防接种发展趋势。 本研究采用质性研究方法，通过对16位高教育水平家长的半结构式深度访谈获取详细口述资料，深入挖掘中国高教育水平家长为子女做出预防接种决策的过程，以及他们对群体免疫和我国预防接种政策的态度。研究发现，我国高教育水平家长对具有强制性的第一类疫苗的依从度较高，几乎不会违背政策要求，但对可自主选择的第二类疫苗的积极性较低，且他们为子女进行预防接种决策的过程十分复杂、严谨和个性化，呈现出殚心竭虑的心境。本研究还指出，教育是我国高教育水平家长预防接种决策具有集体性特点的根本原因，而教育给个体带来的自反性水平改变是对其预防接种决策产生影响的直接原因。这种影响是通过两条路径展开的，一是风险感知的建构，一是自我效能感的提升，二者殊途同归地共同促进了高教育水平个体的自反性现代化水平。自反性现代化的特征促使他们对以预防接种为代表的当代科技和以公卫系统为代表的正统权威进行“自反”，从而做出个性化的、规避个体风险的最终决策。 随着全世界现代化发展的迈进和高等教育的大发展大繁荣，自反性现代化社会的到来是全球发展的必然趋势。因此，我国想要在即将到来的自反性现代化社会中继续维护群体免疫、推进国家免疫政策，就需要公共部门、媒体和公众三方的共同努力，共同为社会带来更多的反思、更多的专家、更多的科学、更多的公众领域、更多的自我意识和自我批判，完成向新的现代性的过渡。

Vaccine is one of the most important public health achievements in history. Parents play a decisive role in child vaccination, which directly affects the vaccination rate of children. Among them, well-educated parents are especially important, who could not only shape individual’s and group’s vaccination behavior, but also predict a nation’s vaccination trend. The present study explores the vaccination decision process of well-educated parents in China and probes their attitude towards herd immunity and vaccination policies. By analyzing qualitative data from 16 semi-structural in-depth interviews with well-educated parents in China undertook between December 2017 and March 2018, this article presents that well-educated parents in China have high compliance with the compulsory category A vaccines so as to not violate the immunization policy. However, towards the unrequired category B vaccines, their acceptance become quite low, which reveals their true attitudes. Meanwhile, the process of their decision is pretty complicated, rigorous and individualized, showing a lot of worries. The article also indicates that education is the root cause of the collective characteristics of well-educated parents’ vaccination decision, while the reflexivity raised by education is the direct reason of it. The effect is carried out through two paths, one of which is the construction of risk perception, and the other one is the promotion of self-efficacy. These two paths improve individual’s reflexivity collectively, which drive them to ‘reflex’ on the contemporary science and technology represented by vaccination and the orthodox authority represented by the public health system, so as to make personalized and risk-evaded decisions. With the development of modernization and the prosperity of high education, the coming of a reflexive modern society is inevitable globally. Therefore, in order to maintain herd immunity and promote national immunization policies in the coming modernized society, we need the joint efforts from the public sector, mass media and citizens to bring more reflection, more experts, more science, more public areas, more self-consciousness and self-criticism for the transition to a new modernity.