近几年，随着课程和育人方式改革的不断推进和新课程标准的出台， 核心素养、新高考、学业质量标准、学业水平考试等成为聚焦热点，关于他们的研究也越来越多，但大多进行理论研究且集中在其中某一方面，对于两者结合的研究甚少，即使有也没有进行深入的分析。本文从促进核心素养在教育评价领域的落地，搭起核心素养和考试评价的桥梁的学业质量标准出发，将他们之间的关系进行梳理，对自然地理试题进行深入分析同时提出相应的备考策略。

以近五年新高考代表浙江卷和大部分省份采用的全国卷中自然地理试题为研究对象，通过文献研究法、统计分析法和案例研究法，结合现代测量理论和SOLO分类理论，分析学业水平考试现状，对浙江卷和全国卷中试题进行分析，明确学业水平等级性考试的命题方向与变化，提升教师地理试题命制水平，促进教育教学方式的转变，探索学业水平等级性考试有效复习备考策略。

本研究包括六部分，第一部分的绪论部分基于国内外学业质量标准和试题评价以及国内备考策略文献研究，给出提出本研究内容、方法和技术路线图。第二部分对相关概念和理论进行解释。第三部分为主体部分，通过学业水平考试概况和考试内容的分析以及自然试题学业质量标准进行横向分布和纵向测评分析，比较异同。第四部分对试题反映的学业质量标准相关问题进行说明。第五部分结合试题研究结果进行学生作答情况简要分析，给出自然地理备考策略，并且结合乡土材料尝试给出了备考策略的试题命制流程。最后第六部分是结论与创新不足。

In recent years, with the advancement of curriculum and the way of educational reform and new curriculum standard, the core quality, new college entrance examination, academic quality, academic level test all come into focus , more and more research has been done on them, but most of the theory study and focus on one hand, there is little research on the combination of the two,  even if there is no in-depth analysis. Starting from the academic quality standards that promote the implementation of core literacy in the field of educational evaluation and build a bridge between core literacy and examination evaluation, this paper sorts out the relationship between them, makes an in-depth analysis of the physical geography questions and puts forward corresponding strategies for preparation.

Nearly five years Zhejiang volume and the most representative of the new college entrance examination province using the volume of natural geography test questions as the research object, through literature research, statistical analysis and case study method, combined with modern measurement theory and SOLO classification theory, analyze the present situation of academic proficiency test of Zhejiang volume and the volume of test analysis, clear academic level examination proposition direction and change, change the way of promoting education teaching, enhance the level of teacher geography the testing system and explore the academic level test study for effective strategies.

This research consists of six parts. The introduction of the first part is based on the domestic and foreign academic quality standards and test question evaluation, as well as the literature research on domestic exam preparation strategies, and provides the research contents, methods and technical roadmap. The second part explains the relevant theories and concepts. The third part is the main part, analyzing the general situation of the academic level examination and the content of the examination as well as the standard of the academic quality of the natural examination questions, the horizontal distribution and vertical evaluation analysis are carried out to compare the similarities and differences. The fourth part explains the academic quality standards reflected in the test questions. The fifth part briefly analyzes the students' response situation based on the research results of the exam questions, and gives the strategies of preparing for the exam in natural geography. The last part is the conclusion and innovation.